Modica Christopher A, Markley Abigail E
Department of Psychology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH United States.
Department of Psychology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH United States.
Body Image. 2024 Dec;51:101770. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101770. Epub 2024 Aug 7.
This longitudinal study examined the prospective associations between body appreciation and wellbeing (i.e., self-esteem, depression, and emotional wellbeing) as well as body image flexibility and wellbeing among 490 women between 18-35 years of age (M = 28.63; SD = 4.27) residing in the United States. Women were contacted in three waves, each two months apart, and completed measures relating to each construct online. As a prerequisite of longitudinal analyses, this study found evidence of configural, metric, scalar, and strict invariance over time for each relevant measure. Cross-lagged panel modeling evidenced bidirectional associations between body appreciation and self-esteem between all waves and unidirectional associations between body appreciation and subsequent depression (negative) and body appreciation and subsequent emotional wellbeing (positive). Results showed bidirectional associations between body image flexibility, self-esteem, depression, and emotional wellbeing, although these bidirectional associations never occurred during the same interval between waves. This study evidences that higher body appreciation and body image flexibility are prospectively associated with increases in self-esteem, emotional wellbeing and decreases in depression, and also shows scenarios where the inverse associations also hold true. We also describe how this study complements existing cross-sectional research and the need to examine associations among more diverse participant groups.
这项纵向研究调查了490名年龄在18至35岁之间（平均年龄M = 28.63；标准差SD = 4.27）、居住在美国的女性的身体欣赏与幸福感（即自尊、抑郁和情绪幸福感）以及身体意象灵活性与幸福感之间的前瞻性关联。研究分三次对这些女性进行了随访，每次间隔两个月，并让她们在线完成与每个构念相关的测量。作为纵向分析的前提条件，本研究发现每个相关测量在时间上都存在构型不变性、度量不变性、标量不变性和严格不变性的证据。交叉滞后面板模型证明，在所有随访波次中，身体欣赏与自尊之间存在双向关联，身体欣赏与随后的抑郁（负向）以及身体欣赏与随后的情绪幸福感（正向）之间存在单向关联。结果显示，身体意象灵活性、自尊、抑郁和情绪幸福感之间存在双向关联，尽管这些双向关联从未在相邻随访波次的同一间隔内出现。本研究证明，更高的身体欣赏和身体意象灵活性与自尊和情绪幸福感的增加以及抑郁的减少存在前瞻性关联，同时也显示了反向关联也成立的情况。我们还描述了本研究如何补充现有的横断面研究，以及研究更多样化参与者群体之间关联的必要性。
