College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Nov 10;950:175354. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175354. Epub 2024 Aug 6.
In the face of 21st-century challenges driven by population growth and resource depletion, understanding the intricacies of climate change is crucial for environmental sustainability. This review systematically explores the interaction between rising atmospheric CO concentrations and soil microbial populations, with possible feedback effects on climate change and terrestrial carbon (C) cycling through a meta-analytical approach. Furthermore, it investigates the enzymatic activities related to carbon acquisition, gene expression patterns governing carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and metagenomic and meta-transcriptomic dynamics in response to elevated CO levels. The study reveals that elevated CO levels substantially influence soil microbial communities, increasing microbial biomass C and respiration rate by 15 % and upregulating genes involved in carbon and nitrogen metabolism by 12 %. Despite a 14 % increase in C-acquiring enzyme activity, there is a 5 % decrease in N-acquiring enzyme activity, indicating complex microbial responses to CO changes. Additionally, fungal marker ratios increase by 14 % compared to bacterial markers, indicating potential ecosystem changes. However, the current inadequacy of data on metagenomic and meta-transcriptomic processes underscores the need for further research. Understanding soil microbial feedback mechanisms is crucial for elucidating the role of rising CO levels in carbon sequestration and climate regulation. Consequently, future research should prioritize a comprehensive elucidation of soil microbial carbon cycling, greenhouse gas emission dynamics, and their underlying drivers.
面对由人口增长和资源枯竭驱动的 21 世纪挑战，了解气候变化的复杂性对于环境可持续性至关重要。本综述通过元分析方法系统地探讨了大气 CO 浓度升高与土壤微生物种群之间的相互作用，以及其对气候变化和陆地碳（C）循环的可能反馈影响。此外，还研究了与碳获取相关的酶活性、控制碳和氮代谢的基因表达模式，以及对 CO 水平升高的响应的宏基因组和宏转录组动态。研究表明，CO 水平升高会显著影响土壤微生物群落，使微生物生物量 C 和呼吸速率增加 15%，并使参与碳和氮代谢的基因上调 12%。尽管 C 获取酶活性增加了 14%，但 N 获取酶活性却下降了 5%，表明微生物对 CO 变化的复杂反应。此外，真菌标志物与细菌标志物的比值增加了 14%，表明潜在的生态系统变化。然而，目前有关元基因组和元转录组过程的数据不足，突显了进一步研究的必要性。了解土壤微生物反馈机制对于阐明上升的 CO 水平在碳固存和气候调节中的作用至关重要。因此，未来的研究应优先全面阐明土壤微生物碳循环、温室气体排放动态及其潜在驱动因素。
