University of Leicester, UK.
J Interpers Violence. 2024 Sep;39(17-18):3954-3982. doi: 10.1177/08862605241260011.
In April 2023, the U.K. government announced that misogyny would not be categorized as a hate crime stating that this "may prove more harmful than helpful." This article argues that before and beyond hate crime, misogyny, understood as the hatred of women (from the Greek [hate] [women]), is the foundational logic of our legal, social, and political order in the west. This constitution of hate relies on the active dehumanization, exploitation, and ownership of women's bodies by the institution of white men through making women the object of the "colonization of the everyday." This exhausting hatred is enacted through repetitive, unceasing, and everyday violence toward women. Simply put, patriarchal, colonial, capitalist democracy is only sustained through violence against women. Hating women is, therefore, not a pathology of society but rather is the necessary existence condition of our legal-political constitution, clear to see yet hiding in plain sight. Misogyny ensures the precarity of women's bodies and women's status as trespassers in everyday spaces that are deliberately always already misogynistic. Given the foundational nature of misogyny, did the government have a point in excluding endemic violence against women from hate crime as "more harmful than helpful?" Is hate crime merely constitutive of a cultural matrix of misogyny? This paper enacts a decolonial feminist prism to disrupt the cultural condition of misogyny by thinking hate crime together with legal-political constitutional and cultural change. The paper explores violence against women set against the historical emergence of misogyny from Greek dehumanization, to medieval persecution of "witches," the muzzling and banning of women from public spaces, Shakespeare's "Taming," to contemporary femicide rates. Interrogating hate crime through this prism offers nuanced routes for how to disrupt the legal-political constitution of misogyny that is neither hidden nor new. Misogyny is enduring.
2023 年 4 月,英国政府宣布,厌恶女性不会被归类为仇恨犯罪,并表示这“可能弊大于利”。本文认为,在仇恨犯罪之前和之外,厌恶女性(源自希腊语 [hate] [women])是西方我们法律、社会和政治秩序的基础逻辑。这种仇恨的构成依赖于白人男性机构通过将女性作为“日常生活殖民化”的对象来对女性身体进行积极的去人性化、剥削和占有。这种令人筋疲力尽的仇恨是通过对女性的重复性、不间断性和日常暴力来实施的。简而言之,父权制、殖民主义、资本主义民主只有通过对女性的暴力才能得以维持。因此,厌恶女性不是社会的病态,而是我们法律政治构成的必要存在条件,虽然显而易见,但却隐藏在众目睽睽之下。厌恶女性确保了女性身体的脆弱性和女性作为日常生活空间闯入者的地位,而这些空间总是故意带有厌女色彩。鉴于厌恶女性的基础性,政府是否有理由将针对女性的普遍暴力排除在仇恨犯罪之外,认为这“弊大于利”?仇恨犯罪仅仅构成厌女文化矩阵的一部分吗?本文通过将仇恨犯罪与法律政治宪法和文化变革联系起来,运用去殖民女权主义棱镜来扰乱厌女文化的条件。本文探讨了针对女性的暴力行为与厌恶女性的历史起源,从希腊的去人性化、中世纪对“女巫”的迫害、禁止女性进入公共空间、莎士比亚的“驯服”到当代的女性杀人率。通过这种棱镜来审视仇恨犯罪,为如何打破既不隐藏也不新鲜的厌女法律政治构成提供了细微差别。厌女现象是持久的。