Clin Neuropathol. 2024 Jul-Aug;43(4):127-130. doi: 10.5414/NP301639.
Granule cell neuronopathy (GCN) caused by John Cunningham virus (JCV) is a rare yet significant neurological complication, particularly in immunocompromised individuals such as those with AIDS. We present a case of a 34-year-old HIV-positive male exhibiting classical symptoms of cerebellar dysfunction. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed demyelination suggestive of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Histopathological examination confirmed JCV-GCN, characterized by lytic infection of cerebellar granule cell neurons. Among the 41 reported cases of JCV-GCN, histopathological data were available for only 10 cases. Ours is the 11 case with available histopathology. This case underscores the importance of considering JCV infection in the differential diagnosis of progressive cerebellar syndromes in immunocompromised patients. Early recognition and diagnosis are crucial for appropriate management and prognosis.
巨细胞神经元病（GCN）由约翰·坎宁安病毒（JCV）引起，是一种罕见但严重的神经系统并发症，特别是在免疫功能低下的人群中，如艾滋病患者。我们报告了一例 34 岁 HIV 阳性男性，表现出典型的小脑功能障碍症状。磁共振成像显示脱髓鞘，提示进行性多灶性白质脑病（PML）。组织病理学检查证实了 JCV-GCN，其特征是小脑颗粒神经元的裂解性感染。在报告的 41 例 JCV-GCN 中，仅有 10 例有组织病理学数据。我们的病例是第 11 例有组织病理学数据的病例。这个病例强调了在免疫功能低下患者的进行性小脑综合征鉴别诊断中考虑 JCV 感染的重要性。早期识别和诊断对于适当的管理和预后至关重要。
