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反义寡核苷酸疗法治疗 KIF1A 相关神经疾病患者。

Antisense oligonucleotide therapy in an individual with KIF1A-associated neurological disorder.

机构信息

Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.

Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

出版信息

Nat Med. 2024 Oct;30(10):2782-2786. doi: 10.1038/s41591-024-03197-y. Epub 2024 Aug 9.

Abstract

KIF1A-associated neurological disorder (KAND) is a neurodegenerative and often lethal ultrarare disease with a wide phenotypic spectrum associated with largely heterozygous de novo missense variants in KIF1A. Antisense oligonucleotide treatments represent a promising approach for personalized treatments in ultrarare diseases. Here we report the case of one patient with a severe form of KAND characterized by refractory spells of behavioral arrest and carrying a p.Pro305Leu variant in KIF1A, who was treated with intrathecal injections of an allele-specific antisense oligonucleotide specifically designed to degrade the mRNA from the pathogenic allele. The first intrathecal administration was complicated by an epidural cerebrospinal fluid collection, which resolved spontaneously. Otherwise, the antisense oligonucleotide was safe and well tolerated over the 9-month treatment. Most outcome measures, including severity of the spells of behavioral arrest, number of falls and quality of life, improved. There was little change in the 6-min Walk Test distance, but qualitative changes in gait resulting in meaningful reductions in falls and increasing independence were observed. Cognitive performance was stable and did not degenerate over time. Our findings provide preliminary insights on the safety and efficacy of an allele-specific antisense oligonucleotide as a possible treatment for KAND.

摘要

KIF1A 相关的神经退行性疾病(KAND)是一种神经退行性疾病,通常具有致死性,且极其罕见,其表型谱广泛,与 KIF1A 中大片段杂合新生错义变异相关。反义寡核苷酸治疗为超罕见疾病的个体化治疗提供了一种很有前景的方法。在此,我们报告了一例严重的 KAND 患者,其特征为行为阻滞的难治性发作,并携带 KIF1A 中的 p.Pro305Leu 变异,该患者接受了一种针对致病等位基因的 mRNA 进行降解的特异性反义寡核苷酸的鞘内注射治疗。首次鞘内给药时并发硬膜外脑脊液积聚,自发性缓解。除此之外,反义寡核苷酸在 9 个月的治疗期间是安全且耐受良好的。大多数结局指标,包括行为阻滞发作的严重程度、跌倒次数和生活质量都有所改善。6 分钟步行测试距离的变化很小,但观察到步态的定性变化,导致跌倒减少和独立性增加。认知表现稳定,且不会随时间恶化。我们的发现为 KAND 的一种可能治疗方法——特异性反义寡核苷酸的安全性和有效性提供了初步的见解。

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