新型 CCR8/CTLA-4 双特异性抗体的临床前开发用于癌症治疗,通过破坏 CD8 T 细胞上的 CTLA-4 信号传导并特异性耗尽肿瘤驻留的 Tregs。

Preclinical development of a novel CCR8/CTLA-4 bispecific antibody for cancer treatment by disrupting CTLA-4 signaling on CD8 T cells and specifically depleting tumor-resident Tregs.

机构信息

Mabwell (Shanghai) Bioscience Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201210, China.

出版信息

Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2024 Aug 9;73(10):210. doi: 10.1007/s00262-024-03794-3.

Abstract

Anti-CTLA-4 antibodies faced challenges due to frequent adverse events and limited efficacy, which spurred the exploration of next-generation CTLA-4 therapeutics to balance regulatory T cells (Tregs) depletion and CD8 T cells activation. CCR8, identified primarily on tumor-infiltrating Tregs, has become a target of interest due to the anti-tumor effects demonstrated by CCR8 antibody-mediated Tregs depletion. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis reveals that CCR8-positive Tregs constitute a small subset, with concurrent expression of CCR8 and CTLA-4. Consequently, we proposed a novel bispecific antibody targeting CCR8 and CTLA-4 that had the potential to enhance T cell activation while selectively depleting intratumor Tregs. The candidate molecule 2MW4691 was developed in a tetravalent symmetric format, maintaining a strong binding affinity for CCR8 while exhibiting relatively weaker CTLA-4 binding. This selective binding ability allowed 2MW4691 to target and deplete tumor-infiltrating Tregs with higher specificity. In vitro assays verified the antibody's capacity for antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) to Tregs with high level of CTLA-4 expression, but not CD8 T cells with relatively low level of CTLA-4 on cell surface. Also, 2MW4691 inhibited the CTLA-4 pathway and enhanced T cell activation. The in vivo therapeutic efficacy of 2MW4691 was further demonstrated using hCCR8 or hCTLA-4 humanized mouse models and hCCR8/hCTLA-4 double knock-in mouse models. In cynomolgus monkeys, 2MW4691 was well-tolerated, exhibited the anticipated pharmacokinetic profile, and had a minimal impact on the peripheral T cell population. The promising preclinical results supported the further evaluation of 2MW4691 as a next-generation Treg-based therapeutics in clinical trials.

摘要

抗 CTLA-4 抗体由于频繁的不良反应和有限的疗效而面临挑战,这促使人们探索下一代 CTLA-4 治疗药物,以平衡调节性 T 细胞 (Tregs) 的耗竭和 CD8 T 细胞的激活。CCR8 主要在肿瘤浸润的 Tregs 上表达,由于 CCR8 抗体介导的 Tregs 耗竭所表现出的抗肿瘤作用,已成为研究的热点。单细胞 RNA 测序分析表明,CCR8 阳性 Tregs 构成一个小亚群,同时表达 CCR8 和 CTLA-4。因此,我们提出了一种新型的靶向 CCR8 和 CTLA-4 的双特异性抗体,该抗体有可能增强 T 细胞的激活,同时选择性地耗竭肿瘤内的 Tregs。候选分子 2MW4691 以四价对称形式开发,保持对 CCR8 的强结合亲和力,同时表现出相对较弱的 CTLA-4 结合。这种选择性结合能力使 2MW4691 能够以更高的特异性靶向和耗竭肿瘤浸润的 Tregs。体外实验验证了该抗体对高水平 CTLA-4 表达的 Tregs 具有抗体依赖的细胞毒性 (ADCC) 的能力,但对细胞表面 CTLA-4 水平相对较低的 CD8 T 细胞没有作用。此外,2MW4691 抑制 CTLA-4 通路并增强 T 细胞激活。在 hCCR8 或 hCTLA-4 人源化小鼠模型和 hCCR8/hCTLA-4 双敲入小鼠模型中进一步证明了 2MW4691 的体内治疗效果。在食蟹猴中,2MW4691 耐受性良好,表现出预期的药代动力学特征,对外周 T 细胞群的影响最小。有前景的临床前结果支持进一步评估 2MW4691 作为下一代基于 Tregs 的治疗药物在临床试验中的应用。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3b65/11315865/9a12cd9bb796/262_2024_3794_Fig1_HTML.jpg

文献AI研究员

20分钟写一篇综述,助力文献阅读效率提升50倍

立即体验

用中文搜PubMed

大模型驱动的PubMed中文搜索引擎

马上搜索