Alquero Jannie Nikolai M, Estanislao Patrizia Marie S, Hermino Svethlana Marie M, Manding Ranna Duben M, Robles Joshua Euchie D, Canillo Christene Mae A, Tantengco Ourlad Alzeus G
Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, 1000, Philippines.
Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, 1000, Philippines; Department of Biology, College of Science, De La Salle University, Manila, 1000, Philippines.
Indian J Med Microbiol. 2024 Sep-Oct;51:100700. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100700. Epub 2024 Aug 13.
COVID-19 disease continues to be a global health concern. The current protocol for detecting SARS-CoV-2 requires healthcare professionals to draw blood from patients. Recent studies showed that dried blood spot (DBS) is a valuable sampling procedure that can collect a low blood volume without the need for the presence of medical practitioners. This study synthesized the available literature on using DBS as a blood collection tool to diagnose COVID-19 disease.
A comprehensive search utilizing OVID, CINAHL, and Scopus databases was done from inception to March 2023. Five reviewers collected, extracted and organized the study data.
This systematic review included 57 articles. DBS was commonly prepared by finger pricking. Most studies showed more favorable results and longer sample stability (more than 1080 days) with lower storage temperature conditions for the DBS. DBS samples were mostly used for serological assays for COVID-19 disease detection. ELISA was the most used detection method (43.66 %). Diagnostic performance of laboratory tests for COVID-19 using DBS sample showed high sensitivity of up to 100 % for immunoassay tests and 100 % specificity in agglutination, PCR, and DELFIA assays.
DBS sampling coupled with serological testing can be an alternative method for collecting blood and detecting COVID-19 disease. These tests using DBS samples showed excellent diagnostic performance across various geographic locations and demographics.
新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）仍是全球关注的健康问题。目前检测严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的方案要求医护人员采集患者血液。最近的研究表明，干血斑（DBS）是一种有价值的采样方法，无需医护人员在场即可采集少量血液。本研究综合了关于使用DBS作为血液采集工具诊断COVID-19疾病的现有文献。
利用OVID、护理学与健康领域数据库（CINAHL）和Scopus数据库进行了从建库至2023年3月的全面检索。五名评审员收集、提取并整理了研究数据。
本系统评价纳入57篇文章。DBS通常通过手指采血制备。大多数研究表明，较低的储存温度条件下，DBS的结果更理想，样本稳定性更长（超过1080天）。DBS样本主要用于COVID-19疾病检测的血清学检测。酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）是最常用的检测方法（43.66%）。使用DBS样本对COVID-19进行实验室检测的诊断性能显示，免疫分析检测的敏感性高达100%，凝集试验、聚合酶链反应（PCR）和时间分辨荧光免疫分析（DELFIA）检测的特异性为100%。
DBS采样结合血清学检测可作为采集血液和检测COVID-19疾病的替代方法。这些使用DBS样本的检测在不同地理位置和人群中均显示出优异的诊断性能。
