Binnetoğlu Kenan
Department of General Surgery, Kafkas University Faculty of Medicine, Kars,Turkey.
Eurasian J Med. 2023 Dec;55(1):S70-S74. doi: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2023.23333.
Obesity and obesity-related diseases may emerge as a major public health issue in the near future. There are several efective methods to prevent obesity, such as diet, sports, and pharmacotherapy. However, these methods provide temporary weight loss. Bariatric surgery, which has become widespread in recent years, stands out as a method for providing permanent weight loss in obesity treatment. Bariatric surgery not only restricts the volume of the stomach and limits calorie intake but also provides weight-controlled weight loss in the long term. It is considered the most efective treatment method for addressing diseases such as hypertension and diabetes accompanying obesity. Due to its success in preventing obesity, it is a frequently preferred surgical method today. In the postoperative period of this method, potential complications following other surgical interventions that are specific to this method can be observed. Early postoperative complications include bleeding, atelectasis, venous thromboembolism, anastomotic leakage, and rhabdomyolysis. On the other side, late postoperative complications include dumping syndrome, marginal ulcers, and nutritional and vitamin deficiencies. Prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of these complications are essential for the success of bariatric surgery to prevent morbidity and mortality. This review discusses complications commonly encountered in the postoperative period, nutritional problems, and the importance of patient follow-up in individuals undergoing bariatric surgery.
肥胖及肥胖相关疾病可能在不久的将来成为一个主要的公共卫生问题。有几种有效的预防肥胖的方法，如饮食、运动和药物治疗。然而，这些方法只能带来暂时的体重减轻。近年来已广泛开展的减重手术，作为肥胖治疗中实现永久性体重减轻的一种方法脱颖而出。减重手术不仅限制胃容量并限制热量摄入，而且从长远来看还能实现可控的体重减轻。它被认为是治疗肥胖伴发的高血压和糖尿病等疾病最有效的方法。由于其在预防肥胖方面的成功，它是如今经常被选用的手术方法。在这种手术方法的术后阶段，可以观察到该方法特有的、其他手术干预后出现的潜在并发症。术后早期并发症包括出血、肺不张、静脉血栓栓塞、吻合口漏和横纹肌溶解。另一方面，术后晚期并发症包括倾倒综合征、边缘性溃疡以及营养和维生素缺乏。预防、早期诊断和治疗这些并发症对于减重手术预防发病和死亡的成功至关重要。本综述讨论了减重手术患者术后常见的并发症、营养问题以及患者随访的重要性。
