Department of Architecture, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Center for the Built Environment (CBE), University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, USA.
Center for the Built Environment (CBE), University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Nov 15;951:175323. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175323. Epub 2024 Aug 10.
Sex difference stands as a crucial factor necessitating consideration in personalized thermal environment control, with the mechanisms of its emergence potentially differing across different thermal environments. However, a comparative analysis of sex differences regarding body temperature (skin and core body temperature) and thermal perception across different environments is lacking. A stable environmental experiment (comprising three conditions: 16 °C, 20 °C, and 24 °C) and a transient environmental experiment (involving a whole-body step-change from 19 °C to 35 °C and back to 19 °C) were conducted, with participation from 20 young males and 20 young females. Skin temperature and core body temperature were continuously recorded during the experiments, and three types of thermal perceptions were regularly collected. The results showed that: (1) The impact of thermal environment on females' skin temperature surpassed that on males, in stable environment, with every 1 °C rise in ambient temperature, the mean skin temperature increased by 0.28 °C for males and 0.35 °C for females respectively; in transient environment, females' mean skin temperature raise and fell at a faster rate. (2) Males exhibited stronger thermal regulation abilities than females, particularly evident during sudden increase in ambient temperature (from 19 °C to 35 °C), where the reduction magnitude of males' core body temperature was notably larger. (3) Whether in stable or transient environments, significant sex differences often occurred in skin temperature and thermal sensation at distal parts, particularly at the hand. (4) Males typically fed back higher levels of thermal comfort and thermal acceptability than females, suggesting that in addition to physiological sex differences, psychological sex distinctions also play a role. In summary, personalized design for stable thermal environment can focus on sex differences in skin temperature, while transient thermal environment requires consideration of both skin temperature and core body temperature. A comprehensive consideration of physiological and psychological sex differences aids in creating personalized thermal environments with greater precision.
性别差异是个性化热环境控制中需要考虑的一个重要因素，其产生的机制在不同的热环境中可能不同。然而，关于不同环境中体温（皮肤和核心体温）和热感觉的性别差异的比较分析还很缺乏。本研究进行了一项稳定环境实验（包含三个条件：16°C、20°C 和 24°C）和一项瞬态环境实验（全身从 19°C 骤升到 35°C 然后再回到 19°C），共有 20 名年轻男性和 20 名年轻女性参与。实验过程中连续记录皮肤温度和核心体温，并定期采集三种类型的热感觉。结果表明：（1）在稳定环境中，热环境对女性皮肤温度的影响大于男性，环境温度每升高 1°C，男性的平均皮肤温度升高 0.28°C，女性升高 0.35°C；在瞬态环境中，女性的平均皮肤温度上升和下降速度更快。（2）男性比女性具有更强的热调节能力，特别是在环境温度突然升高（从 19°C 到 35°C）时，男性核心体温的下降幅度明显更大。（3）无论是在稳定环境还是瞬态环境中，皮肤温度和远端部位（特别是手部）的热感觉通常存在显著的性别差异。（4）男性通常比女性反馈更高的热舒适感和热可接受性，这表明除了生理性别差异外，心理性别差异也在起作用。综上所述，稳定热环境的个性化设计可以关注皮肤温度的性别差异，而瞬态热环境需要同时考虑皮肤温度和核心体温。综合考虑生理和心理性别差异有助于更精确地创建个性化热环境。
Zotero 插件