Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, Texas.
Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Austin, Texas.
Am J Prev Med. 2024 Dec;67(6):960-967. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2024.08.003. Epub 2024 Aug 9.
Schools can support students' participation in physical activity by offering opportunities consistent with a Whole-of-School (WOS) approach; however, the extent to which physical activity opportunities are provided and how school-level characteristics associate with their use remains unclear. This study examined how elementary schools' use a WOS approach to promote physical activity, as well as associations between school-level characteristics and physical activity opportunities provided.
Survey data was collected from 162 elementary schools participating in the NFL PLAY 60 FitnessGram Project during the 2022-2023 school year. A WOS index (ranging from 0 to 12) was created from responses by school staff on questions about 6 physical activity practices (physical education, recess, before- and after-school programs, classroom-based approaches, active transport). Multivariable regression models examined associations between school characteristics and WOS index scores. Analyses were completed in Spring 2024.
Fully adjusted models indicated a statistically significant difference between the percentage of economically disadvantaged students served and WOS index score. Schools serving between 20% and 39% (p<0.001), 40%-59% (p<0.01), 60%-79% (p<0.01) and ≥80% (p<0.001) economically disadvantaged students scored significantly lower on the WOS index compared to schools with 0%-19% economically disadvantaged students.
Studies are needed to examine disparities in physical activity practices consistent with a WOS approach to understand the implications on health, academic performance, and other key outcomes. This information can inform the development of strategies to address disparities and ensure youth have equitable access to school-based physical activity opportunities.
学校可以通过提供与全人教育（WOS）方法一致的机会来支持学生参与体育活动；然而，提供的体育活动机会的程度以及学校层面的特征与它们的使用之间的关联仍然不清楚。本研究考察了小学如何采用 WOS 方法来促进体育活动，以及学校层面的特征与提供的体育活动机会之间的关联。
在 2022-2023 学年，调查数据从参与 NFL PLAY 60 FitnessGram 项目的 162 所小学中收集。根据学校工作人员对 6 种体育活动实践（体育教育、课间休息、课前和课后项目、课堂方法、主动交通）问题的回答，创建了一个 WOS 指数（范围从 0 到 12）。多变量回归模型考察了学校特征与 WOS 指数得分之间的关联。分析于 2024 年春季完成。
完全调整后的模型表明，服务的经济困难学生比例与 WOS 指数得分之间存在统计学上的显著差异。服务 20%-39%（p<0.001）、40%-59%（p<0.01）、60%-79%（p<0.01）和≥80%（p<0.001）经济困难学生的 WOS 指数得分显著低于服务 0%-19%经济困难学生的学校。
需要进行研究，以检查与 WOS 方法一致的体育活动实践中的差异，以了解对健康、学业成绩和其他关键结果的影响。这些信息可以为制定解决差异的策略提供信息，并确保年轻人有平等获得基于学校的体育活动机会的机会。
