Morris A I, Krasner N, Cracknell P
Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1985;117:55-61. doi: 10.3109/00365528509092228.
Modern flexible fibreoptics enable gastroenterologists to visualise and treat many lesions and conditions in the upper gastrointestinal tract and colon. Therapeutic endoscopy is forming a larger proportion of many unit's workload and the newer techniques to stop or prevent rebleeding are the subject of much research and development. Developments in the fields of operative endoscopy, small intestinal endoscopy, and endoscopic ultrasound are also progressing rapidly. The place of video-endoscopy is still to be established but potentially has several advantages over fibreoptic endoscopy. Laser therapy has been well established as a means of treating gastrointestinal haemorrhage from peptic ulcers, and has potential use in the treatment of angiomatous lesions. It is increasingly being used both for palliation and 'cure' of malignancy and neoplasia in the gastrointestinal tract. The use of such lasers depends upon thermal damage, but newer types of non-thermal laser therapy, using pulsed lasers, or dye lasers with prior tumour sensitisation are rapidly going to be applied to the treatment of gastrointestinal disease.
现代柔性纤维光学技术使胃肠病学家能够对上消化道和结肠中的许多病变和病症进行可视化检查和治疗。治疗性内窥镜检查在许多科室的工作量中所占比例越来越大，而用于止血或预防再出血的新技术是大量研究和开发的主题。手术内窥镜检查、小肠内窥镜检查和内窥镜超声领域的发展也在迅速推进。视频内窥镜的地位仍有待确立，但与纤维光学内窥镜相比可能具有若干优势。激光疗法已被公认为治疗消化性溃疡引起的胃肠道出血的一种手段，并且在治疗血管瘤性病变方面具有潜在用途。它越来越多地用于胃肠道恶性肿瘤和赘生物的姑息治疗和 “根治”。此类激光的使用取决于热损伤，但使用脉冲激光或预先对肿瘤进行致敏的染料激光的新型非热激光疗法将很快应用于胃肠道疾病的治疗。
