Moe S, Asozoda M, Aung A, Dusmatova Z, Akintore F, Nshimiyimana E, Zavqibekov A, Sitali N, Mulanda W K, Cullip T, Sinha A
Médecins Sans Frontières, Dushanbe, Tajikistan.
Penitentiary Medical Service Department, Ministry of Justice, Dushanbe, Tajikistan.
IJTLD Open. 2024 Aug 1;1(8):344-348. doi: 10.5588/ijtldopen.24.0272. eCollection 2024 Aug.
The rate of TB in prison institutions is estimated to be 23 times higher than in the general population. Limited documentation exists regarding TB screening in Tajikistan's prisons. This study aims to report findings from a TB screening conducted in prison facilities in Tajikistan.
A systematic TB screening was conducted between July 2022 and September 2023, following a locally adapted algorithm based on WHO recommendations. The screening yield was calculated as the proportion of confirmed TB cases, with categorical variables compared using a χ test.
A total of 7,223 screenings were conducted, identifying 31 TB cases, including 17 drug-susceptible TB cases, eight drug-resistant TB cases, and six clinically diagnosed cases. The overall screening yield was 0.43%. Notably, the screening yield was 3.4% among individuals with at least one TB symptom and 0.03% among those without TB symptoms (P < 0.001).
The identified rate of TB in these prisons is five times higher than in the general population. Symptomatic individuals had a higher likelihood of TB diagnosis, and using chest X-rays significantly improved screening yield. We recommend increasing the capacity for chest X-ray testing to enhance TB prevention and control within prison settings.
监狱机构中的结核病发病率估计比普通人群高23倍。关于塔吉克斯坦监狱结核病筛查的文献资料有限。本研究旨在报告在塔吉克斯坦监狱设施中进行的结核病筛查结果。
2022年7月至2023年9月期间，根据世界卫生组织的建议采用当地调整的算法进行了系统的结核病筛查。筛查阳性率计算为确诊结核病病例的比例，分类变量使用χ检验进行比较。
共进行了7223次筛查，确定了31例结核病病例，其中包括17例药物敏感结核病病例、8例耐药结核病病例和6例临床诊断病例。总体筛查阳性率为0.43%。值得注意的是，至少有一个结核病症状的个体筛查阳性率为3.4%，无结核病症状的个体筛查阳性率为0.03%（P<0.001）。
这些监狱中确定的结核病发病率比普通人群高五倍。有症状的个体结核病诊断可能性更高，使用胸部X光显著提高了筛查阳性率。我们建议提高胸部X光检测能力，以加强监狱环境中的结核病预防和控制。
