School of Medicine, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine, University of Leeds, UK.
School of Psychology, University of Leeds, UK.
J Affect Disord. 2024 Nov 15;365:295-302. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.005. Epub 2024 Aug 10.
Suicide is a leading cause of death globally and a serious public health concern. Childhood trauma has been found to be associated with adult suicide vulnerability. Recent research has turned attention to investigating the role of attachment in the context of the childhood trauma-adult suicide relationship. The current study investigated for the first time whether attachment influences and moderates the childhood trauma-suicidality relationship, using a daily diary design, in the general population.
481 participants completed questionnaires assessing experiences of childhood trauma, attachment patterns, and history of suicidality. 243 participants continued to a daily diary phase where measures of daily stress, defeat and entrapment were completed for 7 consecutive days.
Higher levels of childhood trauma were associated with a history of suicide ideation and attempt and also higher levels of daily defeat, entrapment and stress during the 7 day study. Similarly, higher levels of attachment anxiety and avoidance were associated with a history of suicide ideation and attempt together with higher levels of daily defeat, entrapment and stress. However, the effects of childhood trauma on suicide history and on daily suicide vulnerability factors were not moderated by attachment anxiety or avoidance.
The measure of childhood trauma was a retrospective self-report tool that may be influenced by memory biases.
Childhood trauma and insecure attachment are implicated in adult suicide risk. Interventions aimed at mitigating the negative effects of childhood trauma and insecure attachment should also incorporate components that target modifiable risk factors such as defeat, entrapment and stress.
自杀是全球范围内主要的死亡原因之一，也是严重的公共卫生问题。研究发现，童年创伤与成年人自杀易感性有关。最近的研究将注意力转向了在童年创伤与成年自杀关系的背景下，调查依恋的作用。本研究首次使用每日日记设计，在普通人群中调查了依恋是否影响和调节童年创伤与自杀之间的关系。
481 名参与者完成了评估童年创伤经历、依恋模式和自杀史的问卷。243 名参与者继续进行每日日记阶段，在连续 7 天内完成每日压力、挫败感和束缚感的测量。
较高水平的童年创伤与自杀意念和自杀未遂史以及在 7 天研究期间较高水平的日常挫败感、束缚感和压力有关。同样，较高水平的依恋焦虑和回避与自杀意念和自杀未遂史以及较高水平的日常挫败感、束缚感和压力有关。然而，依恋焦虑或回避并不能调节童年创伤对自杀史和日常自杀脆弱性因素的影响。
童年创伤的测量是一种回顾性的自我报告工具，可能受到记忆偏差的影响。
童年创伤和不安全的依恋与成年人的自杀风险有关。旨在减轻童年创伤和不安全依恋负面影响的干预措施也应包括针对可改变的风险因素（如挫败感、束缚感和压力）的组成部分。
