Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement/Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Aug 21;72(33):18335-18346. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c05068. Epub 2024 Aug 12.
Plants convert solar energy and carbon dioxide into organic compounds through photosynthesis. Sucrose is the primary carbonate produced during photosynthesis. Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) is the key enzyme controlling sucrose biosynthesis in plants. There are at least three gene families in higher plants, named A, B, and C. However, in monocotyledonous plants from Poaceae, there are at least five gene families, named A, B, C, DIII, and DIV. Each family of genes in different plants shows a divergent expression pattern. So different families of genes participate in diverse biological functions, including sucrose accumulation, plant growth and production, and abiotic stress tolerance. SPS activity in plants is regulated by exogenous factors through gene expression and reversible protein phosphorylation. It is a practicable way to improve crop traits through gene transformation. This work analyzes the cloning, phylogeny, and regulatory mechanism of the gene in plants, reviews its biological function as well as its role in crop improvement, and discusses the challenges and future perspectives. This paper can serve as a reference for further study on plant genes and eventually for crop improvement.
植物通过光合作用将太阳能和二氧化碳转化为有机化合物。蔗糖是光合作用过程中产生的主要碳化合物。蔗糖磷酸合酶（SPS）是控制植物中蔗糖生物合成的关键酶。在高等植物中，至少有三个基因家族，分别命名为 A、B 和 C。然而，在禾本科单子叶植物中，至少有五个基因家族，分别命名为 A、B、C、DIII 和 DIV。不同植物的每个基因家族都表现出不同的表达模式。因此，不同家族的基因参与了不同的生物学功能，包括蔗糖积累、植物生长和生产以及非生物胁迫耐受。植物中的 SPS 活性通过基因表达和可逆蛋白磷酸化受到外源因素的调节。通过基因转化来改善作物特性是一种可行的方法。本工作分析了植物中基因的克隆、系统发育和调控机制，综述了其生物学功能及其在作物改良中的作用，并讨论了挑战和未来展望。本文可为进一步研究植物基因和最终作物改良提供参考。
