Heimke Marvin, Heinze Tillmann, Baumann Jorun, Kurz Bodo, Alkatout Ibrahim, Wedel Thilo
Anatomisches Institut, Zentrum für Klinische Anatomie, Kurt-Semm-Zentrum für laparoskopische und roboterassistierte Chirurgie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 8, 24118, Kiel, Deutschland.
Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Kurt-Semm-Zentrum für laparoskopische und roboterassistierte Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Deutschland.
Chirurgie (Heidelb). 2025 Feb;96(2):136-144. doi: 10.1007/s00104-024-02145-3. Epub 2024 Aug 12.
Due to the declining interest among medical students in pursuing a surgical career, the impact of demographic changes and the technical challenges, there is an increasing need to attract medical students to the surgical profession. Against this backdrop, a teaching project was developed to familiarize medical students with minimally invasive surgical techniques early in the preclinical education, thereby increasing the interest in surgery.
Within the framework of the regular anatomical dissection course the following modules on laparoscopic surgery were integrated: (1) clinical lecture on the technique and application of laparoscopy, (2) exploratory live laparoscopy on a body donor and (3) practical exercises on laparoscopic trainers. The impact of this teaching project on the interest in a surgical career and on the clinical anatomical understanding was evaluated among 295 participating medical students.
The evaluation revealed a pronounced gender-independent interest in learning surgical skills early in the preclinical study phase. The teaching project led to a significantly increased interest in pursuing a surgical career. Moreover, the incorporation of laparoscopic teaching modules into the preclinical anatomy course enhanced the learning motivation and understanding of clinically relevant topographic anatomy.
The integration of practical surgical content into preclinical anatomical education can increase the attractiveness of surgical disciplines and simultaneously optimize teaching of anatomy. Longitudinal studies are required to examine the sustainability of these clinical teaching modules in career decisions of medical students.
由于医学生对从事外科职业的兴趣下降、人口结构变化的影响以及技术挑战，吸引医学生投身外科职业的需求日益增加。在此背景下，开展了一个教学项目，以使医学生在临床前教育早期就熟悉微创手术技术，从而提高他们对手术的兴趣。
在常规解剖 dissection 课程的框架内，整合了以下腹腔镜手术模块：（1）腹腔镜手术技术与应用的临床讲座；（2）在尸体供体上进行的探索性实时腹腔镜检查；（3）在腹腔镜训练器上进行的实践练习。在295名参与的医学生中评估了该教学项目对从事外科职业的兴趣以及临床解剖学理解的影响。
评估显示，在临床前学习阶段早期，学生对学习外科技能有着显著的、不依赖性别的兴趣。该教学项目使学生对从事外科职业的兴趣显著增加。此外，将腹腔镜教学模块纳入临床前解剖学课程提高了学习动机，并增强了对临床相关局部解剖学的理解。
将外科实践内容融入临床前解剖学教育可以提高外科学科的吸引力，同时优化解剖学教学。需要进行纵向研究，以检验这些临床教学模块在医学生职业决策中的可持续性。
