School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 613100, P.R. China.
Curr Top Med Chem. 2024;24(23):2013-2032. doi: 10.2174/0115680266305274240723120426.
Franch. (Ranunculaceae, Coptis), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with thousands of years of clinical use history, also a natural medicine available in many countries, has wide pharmacological mechanisms and significant bioactivity according to its traditional efficacy combined with modern scientific research. The quality marker (Q-marker) of Franch. is predicted in this paper based on the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of the plant, as well as the current system pharmacology, plant relatedness, biosynthetic pathways and quantitative analysis of multi-components (QAMS). Natural medicine has the advantage of being multi-component, multi-pathway and multi-target. However, there are few reports on safety evaluation. This review predicts the Q-marker of , the safety and efficacy of is provided. Studies from 1975 to 2023 were reviewed from PubMed, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar. Alkaloids and organic acids are the two main component categories of Q-Markers. The specific alkaloids identified through predictive results include berberine, coptisine, palmatine, epiberberine, jatrorrhizine, columbamine, and berberrubine. Quinic acid and malic acid, due to their influence on the content of alkaloids and their ability to aid in identifying the active components of , are also considered Q-markers. The research strategy of "exploring chemical components, exploring pharmacological activities, constructing pharmacological mechanism network and locating biosynthetic pathways" was used to accurately screen the quality markers of in this review and summarise the quality evaluation methods and criteria. In addition, we updated the biosynthetic pathway of and refined the specific synthetic pathways of jatrorrhizine (quality markers) and epiberberine (quality markers). Finally, we summarised the quality evaluation methods of , which provide an important reference for resource evaluation and provide a key reference for the discovery of new functional chemical entities for natural medicines.
黄连（毛茛科黄连属，又称鸡爪连）是一种具有数千年临床应用历史的传统中药，也是许多国家都有的天然药物，根据其传统功效与现代科学研究相结合，具有广泛的药理机制和显著的生物活性。本文基于植物的化学成分和药理作用、当前系统药理学、植物亲缘关系、生物合成途径和多成分定量分析（QAMS），预测了黄连的质量标志物（Q-marker）。天然药物具有多成分、多途径、多靶点的优势，但安全性评价报道较少。本综述预测了黄连的 Q-marker，为其安全性和功效提供了依据。从 1975 年至 2023 年，从 PubMed、Elsevier、ScienceDirect、Web of Science、SpringerLink 和 Google Scholar 检索了研究文献。生物碱和有机酸是 Q-Marker 的两个主要成分类别。通过预测结果确定的特定生物碱包括小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马汀、表小檗碱、药根碱、汉防己甲素和小檗红碱。奎宁酸和苹果酸由于其对生物碱含量的影响及其鉴定黄连活性成分的能力，也被认为是 Q-markers。本研究采用“探索化学成分、探索药理活性、构建药理机制网络和定位生物合成途径”的研究策略，准确筛选出黄连的质量标志物，并总结了质量评价方法和标准。此外，我们更新了黄连的生物合成途径，并细化了药根碱（质量标志物）和小檗红碱（质量标志物）的具体合成途径。最后，总结了黄连的质量评价方法，为资源评价提供了重要参考，为天然药物新功能化学实体的发现提供了关键参考。
