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用于灵活编队的领导者-跟随者无人飞行器的关系操纵

Relational Maneuvering of Leader-Follower Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Flexible Formation.

作者信息

Kumar Ranjan Praveen, Sinha Abhinav, Cao Yongcan, Casbeer David, Weintraub Isaac

出版信息

IEEE Trans Cybern. 2024 Oct;54(10):5598-5609. doi: 10.1109/TCYB.2024.3435029. Epub 2024 Oct 9.

Abstract

In this article, we propose a new formation scheme for a leader-follower unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system inspired by a human pilot's behavior wherein the formation geometry does not necessarily remain fixed as the vehicles maneuver. In other words, the position and the orientation of the follower with respect to the leader are subject to change as they maneuver while satisfying some constraints. Our strategy ensures that the follower UAV maintains a desired fixed relative distance with respect to the leader UAV, whereas its orientation with respect to the leader UAV may change to reduce its control effort and provide it with a tactical advantage. We call this new relational maneuvering scheme flexible since the set of feasible positions for the follower UAV is not fixed, as is common in close proximity two-ship formations in air-to-air combat. By assigning the follower UAV's linear and angular velocities as its control inputs, our approach tries to emulate a human pilot's behavior in UAVs by taking anticipatory maneuvers when the leader UAV makes aggressive turns. The proposed flexible-geometry formation scheme is robust to the leader's maneuver changes since the follower UAV's control law does not need the information of the leader's angular speed control and only uses relative measurements. This makes the design lucrative even when the vehicles are heterogeneous, global measurements are unavailable, or if the leader UAV is noncooperative. Finally, we present multiple simulations to highlight the merits of the flexible formation control laws.

摘要

在本文中,我们受人类飞行员行为启发,提出了一种用于领导者-跟随者无人机(UAV)系统的新编队方案,其中编队几何形状在飞行器机动时不一定保持固定。换句话说,跟随者相对于领导者的位置和方向在机动时会发生变化,同时满足一些约束条件。我们的策略确保跟随者无人机相对于领导者无人机保持期望的固定相对距离,而其相对于领导者无人机的方向可能会改变,以减少其控制努力并为其提供战术优势。我们将这种新的关联机动方案称为灵活的,因为跟随者无人机的可行位置集不是固定的,这在空对空战斗中的近距离双机编队中很常见。通过将跟随者无人机的线速度和角速度作为其控制输入,我们的方法试图通过在领导者无人机进行激进转弯时采取预期机动来模拟无人机中人类飞行员的行为。所提出的灵活几何编队方案对领导者的机动变化具有鲁棒性,因为跟随者无人机的控制律不需要领导者角速度控制的信息,仅使用相对测量值。这使得即使飞行器是异构的、无法获得全局测量值或者领导者无人机不合作时,该设计也很有吸引力。最后,我们给出多个仿真结果以突出灵活编队控制律的优点。

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