Han Yaogang, Wang Yubing, Li Pan, Zhang Binn
Shanghai University of Sport.
Old Dominion University.
Res Q Exerc Sport. 2025 Mar;96(1):223-232. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2024.2389906. Epub 2024 Aug 13.
According to the dual-process theories, many scholars proposed that physical activity behavior tends to be governed by an interplay of intentional planning and habitual action. The major purpose of this study was to determine the moderation effects of habit strength on the relationship between leisure time moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) intention and behavior and the impacts of cognitive and affective attitude on PA habit strength, utilizing a latent interaction modeling approach. A total of 1803 undergraduate students completed this study. All variables were measured using validated self-report questionnaires. Structural equation modeling and Hayes' PROCESS program (model 1) were conducted to address the research questions. Habit strength significantly and positively moderated the effects of intention on leisure time MVPA behavior (β = .08, < .01). The association between intention and PA behavior became stronger as habit strength increased. Affective attitude positively and significantly influenced habit strength (β = .71, < .01). The effect of cognitive attitude on habit strength was significant and negative with a small effect size (β = -.08, < .01). Findings indicated that habit strength positively moderated the relationship between PA intention and behavior, suggesting that stronger habit strength may amplify the association between PA intention and actual PA behavior. Affective attitude toward PA significantly influenced habit strength, whereas cognitive attitude exhibited minimal negative impact on habit strength. These findings contribute to our understanding of the interaction effects between deliberative and automatic processes in regulating PA behavior, as well as the nuanced relationship between attitude and habit development.
根据双过程理论，许多学者提出身体活动行为往往受意向性计划和习惯性行动的相互作用所支配。本研究的主要目的是利用潜在交互作用建模方法，确定习惯强度对休闲时间中等至剧烈身体活动（MVPA）意向与行为之间关系的调节作用，以及认知和情感态度对身体活动习惯强度的影响。共有1803名本科生完成了本研究。所有变量均使用经过验证的自我报告问卷进行测量。采用结构方程建模和海斯的PROCESS程序（模型1）来解决研究问题。习惯强度对意向对休闲时间MVPA行为的影响具有显著的正向调节作用（β = 0.08，p < 0.01）。随着习惯强度的增加，意向与身体活动行为之间的关联变得更强。情感态度对习惯强度有显著的正向影响（β = 0.71，p < 0.01）。认知态度对习惯强度的影响显著且为负，效应量较小（β = -0.08，p < 0.01）。研究结果表明，习惯强度对身体活动意向与行为之间的关系具有正向调节作用，这表明更强的习惯强度可能会增强身体活动意向与实际身体活动行为之间的关联。对身体活动的情感态度显著影响习惯强度，而认知态度对习惯强度的负面影响最小。这些研究结果有助于我们理解在调节身体活动行为过程中深思熟虑和自动过程之间的交互作用，以及态度与习惯形成之间的细微关系。
