Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Swiss Med Wkly. 2024 Jul 24;154:3460. doi: 10.57187/s.3460.
Temporary, sudden, shooting and recurrent unilateral facial pain in the supply area of one or more trigeminal nerve branches characterises trigeminal neuralgia. Innocuous stimuli trigger the pain, e.g. chewing, speaking or brushing teeth. In some patients, paroxysms superimpose on continuous pain. In aetiological terms, idiopathic, classic (due to neurovascular compression) and secondary trigeminal neuralgia (e.g. due to multiple sclerosis, brainstem ischaemia and space-occupying lesions) are defined. Many drugs may be efficacious, with carbamazepine being first-choice therapy. However, non-pharmacological and invasive procedures may also help. To reach the correct diagnosis and determine the best therapeutic measures, adequate pain characterisation and interdisciplinary collaboration are essential. We hereby present our experience of an interdisciplinary approach for the diagnosis and treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.
三叉神经痛的特征为单侧面部一支或多支三叉神经分布区域的短暂、突发、闪电样、反复发作性疼痛。疼痛可由咀嚼、说话或刷牙等无害刺激触发。在一些患者中，阵发性疼痛可叠加于持续性疼痛之上。从病因学角度，可将三叉神经痛分为特发性、经典型（由神经血管压迫引起）和继发性三叉神经痛（如多发性硬化、脑干缺血和占位性病变引起）。许多药物可能有效，卡马西平是首选治疗药物。然而，非药物和有创性治疗方法也可能有帮助。为了做出正确的诊断并确定最佳治疗措施，充分的疼痛特征描述和多学科合作至关重要。在此，我们介绍了我们在三叉神经痛的诊断和治疗方面采用多学科方法的经验。
