Shogenji Miho, Yoshida Mikako, Kakuchi Takahiro, Hirako Kohei
Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Department of Women's Health Nursing & Midwifery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Jpn J Nurs Sci. 2024 Oct;21(4):e12615. doi: 10.1111/jjns.12615. Epub 2024 Aug 13.
Caregivers in home care settings may experience significant physical, emotional, and financial burdens in providing toileting assistance. However, few studies have evaluated these three aspects of caregiver burden. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the physical, emotional, and financial burdens of toileting assistance and examine the factors associated with each burden.
A self-administered postal questionnaire was distributed to 405 family caregivers of older adults receiving home care and subsidies for incontinence products in Japan in 2019. Family caregivers answered questions about toileting assistance, the perceived physical, emotional, and financial burdens of providing toileting assistance at home, and the urinary/fecal symptoms of older adults.
Of the 242 family caregivers who reported each burden, 213 (88%) had experienced at least one physical, emotional, or financial burden. The prevalence of physical, emotional, and financial burdens was 77.3%, 78.1%, and 70.7%, respectively. Approximately 60% of respondents reported experiencing all three burdens. Physical burden was associated with spouses acting as primary caregivers, nocturia, fecal incontinence, and the odor of urine/feces from toileting assistance. Emotional burden was associated with nighttime assistance, urinary/fecal leakage from absorbent incontinence products, and the odor of urine/feces. Financial burden was associated with frequent assistance, disposal costs of absorbent incontinence products, and the degree of toileting assistance.
The results revealed a high prevalence of the three burdens of toileting assistance among family caregivers, suggesting the need to assess these burdens. Furthermore, they suggested the importance of providing guidance to family members, which may help reduce these burdens.
家庭护理环境中的照料者在提供如厕协助时可能会承受巨大的身体、情感和经济负担。然而，很少有研究评估照料者负担的这三个方面。因此，本研究旨在阐明如厕协助的身体、情感和经济负担，并探讨与每种负担相关的因素。
2019年，向日本405名接受家庭护理和失禁用品补贴的老年人的家庭照料者发放了一份自填式邮政问卷。家庭照料者回答了有关如厕协助、在家中提供如厕协助时感知到的身体、情感和经济负担以及老年人的泌尿/粪便症状的问题。
在报告了每种负担的242名家庭照料者中，213名（88%）经历了至少一种身体、情感或经济负担。身体、情感和经济负担的发生率分别为77.3%、78.1%和70.7%。约60%的受访者报告经历了所有三种负担。身体负担与作为主要照料者的配偶、夜尿症、大便失禁以及如厕协助产生的尿液/粪便气味有关。情感负担与夜间协助、吸收性失禁产品的尿液/粪便泄漏以及尿液/粪便气味有关。经济负担与频繁协助、吸收性失禁产品的处置成本以及如厕协助的程度有关。
结果显示家庭照料者中如厕协助的三种负担发生率很高，表明需要评估这些负担。此外，结果还表明向家庭成员提供指导的重要性，这可能有助于减轻这些负担。
