Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
Hospital Universitario Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain.
Contact Dermatitis. 2024 Nov;91(5):404-411. doi: 10.1111/cod.14672. Epub 2024 Aug 13.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) are inflammatory skin conditions whose association is not clearly defined.
To identify differences in ACD profile between patients with and without AD among those referred for patch testing. Additionally, to determine the prevalence of sensitisation to standard Spanish contact allergens in both groups.
We analysed two groups (AD and non-AD) within the Spanish Registry of Research in Contact Dermatitis and Cutaneous Allergy (REIDAC). Contact allergy, clinical relevance and epidemiological data were compared between them.
A total of 5055 patients were included. Among them, 23% (1168) had a history or final diagnosis of AD. At least one positive reaction was seen in 468 (40%) of AD patients and 1864 (48%) of non-AD patients. In both groups, the most common positive reactions were to nickel sulphate, methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone and cobalt chloride. Age-adjusted OR for sensitisation to nickel sulphate was 0.72 (95% CI: 0.61-0.86), indicating a decreased likelihood of sensitisation in AD patients compared to non-AD individuals.
We did not find an increased presence of ACD in patients with AD referred for patch testing, exhibiting similar profiles to non-AD population, except for a negative relationship between AD and sensitisation to nickel sulphate.
特应性皮炎（AD）和过敏性接触性皮炎（ACD）是两种炎症性皮肤疾病，其关联尚不清楚。
在因斑贴试验而就诊的患者中，确定 AD 患者和非 AD 患者之间 ACD 特征的差异。此外，确定这两组患者对标准西班牙接触过敏原的致敏率。
我们分析了西班牙接触性皮炎和皮肤过敏研究登记处（REIDAC）中的两个组（AD 和非 AD）。比较了两组之间的接触过敏、临床相关性和流行病学数据。
共纳入 5055 例患者。其中，23%（1168 例）有 AD 病史或最终诊断。AD 患者中有 468 例（40%）至少有 1 项阳性反应，而非 AD 患者中有 1864 例（48%）。在两组中，最常见的阳性反应均为硫酸镍、甲基氯异噻唑啉酮/甲基异噻唑啉酮和氯化钴。调整年龄后，AD 患者对硫酸镍的致敏比值比（OR）为 0.72（95%CI：0.61-0.86），表明与非 AD 个体相比，AD 患者致敏的可能性较低。
我们没有发现因斑贴试验而就诊的 AD 患者中 ACD 的存在增加，其特征与非 AD 人群相似，只是 AD 与对硫酸镍的致敏之间存在负相关。
