Laboratory of Analysis, Modeling, Engineering, Natural Substances and Environment, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn-Zohr University, 83000 Taroudant, Morocco.
Laayoune Higher School of Technology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco.
Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2024 Aug 14;75(2):117-123. doi: 10.32394/rpzh.2024.0297. Epub 2024 May 9.
Essential oils have important antibacterial activities and can successfully replace antibiotics, which show their inefficiency, especially against fungi and multi-resistant bacteria.
The main purpose of our research was to investigate the antibacterial and antifungal activity of essential oils from fifteen plants harvested in the Taroudant region.
In this work, the essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus. The method of disc diffusion in agar medium (aromatogram) is the one used to evaluate the activity of these essential oils against four pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus sp., and Enterococcus cloacae) and two yeasts (Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans).
Our findings, show that all of the plants' leaves yielded extremely aromatic essential oils that differed in look and color. Furthermore, the 93.33% of the fifteen essential oils that were evaluated proved to be effective against at least one kind of bacteria or fungus. This suggests that the proportion of essential oils with no antibacterial action was rather low, at around 7%. Our data also showed that the freshness or dryness of the plant at the time of harvest could affect the extraction rate of essential oils. This screening showed us that these essential oils present inhibitory activities towards the studied Gram+ bacteria, as well as a resistance against Gram-, in particular Enterococcus cloacae.
These essential oils can therefore be used in the prevention and treatment of certain infectious diseases and to fight against bacteria that are multi-resistant to the usual antibiotics.
精油具有重要的抗菌活性，可以成功替代抗生素，尤其是对抗真菌和多耐药菌时，抗生素显示出其低效性。
我们研究的主要目的是研究从塔鲁丹特地区收获的 15 种植物的精油的抗菌和抗真菌活性。
在这项工作中，精油通过水蒸馏使用克利夫兰型设备提取。在琼脂培养基（芳香图）中使用圆盘扩散方法来评估这些精油对四种致病菌（金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、芽孢杆菌和阴沟肠杆菌）和两种酵母（白色念珠菌和新型隐球菌）的活性。
我们的研究结果表明，所有植物的叶子都产生了极其芳香的精油，这些精油在外观和颜色上有所不同。此外，评估的 15 种精油中的 93.33% 被证明对至少一种细菌或真菌有效。这表明没有抗菌作用的精油比例相当低，约为 7%。我们的数据还表明，植物在收获时的新鲜度或干燥度可能会影响精油的提取率。这种筛选表明，这些精油对研究的革兰氏阳性菌具有抑制作用，并且对革兰氏阴性菌，特别是阴沟肠杆菌具有耐药性。
因此，这些精油可用于预防和治疗某些传染病，并对抗对常用抗生素具有多耐药性的细菌。
