Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Unit of Primary Health Care, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Age Ageing. 2024 Aug 6;53(8). doi: 10.1093/ageing/afae172.
Frailty Index (FI) reflects health, functioning and well-being of older people. It is valuable to compare how frailty has changed over time in ageing cohorts. This study aims to examine trends in frailty among 75-95-year-old men and women over three decades.
The Helsinki Ageing Study started in 1989 and includes repeated cross-sectional postal surveys every 10 years examining community-dwelling cohorts of older people (75, 80, 85, 90 and 95 years). FI comprises the same 36 items in each cohort.
The mean FI was 0.22 (SD 0.12), 0.25 (SD 0.15), 0.26 (SD 0.15) and 0.23 (SD 0.15) in 1989, 1999, 2009 and 2019, respectively (P for linearity for crude values .11). Adjusted for age and sex, the four cohorts differed in their frailty the 2019 cohort having the lowest FI. This sex-adjusted difference was seen among 75-, 80-, 85- and 90-year-olds but not among 95-year-olds. FI decreased more among men than women (P for cohort <.001, P for sex <.01, P for interaction = .19).
The prevalence of frailty among community-dwelling individuals aged 75, 80, 85 and 90 years-but not among those aged 95 years-has significantly decreased over the last decades. This positive trend may have important implications for health policies in societies with increasing longevity.
衰弱指数（FI）反映了老年人的健康、功能和幸福感。比较衰老队列中随时间推移的衰弱变化情况很有价值。本研究旨在调查 75-95 岁男性和女性在过去三十年中的衰弱趋势。
赫尔辛基衰老研究始于 1989 年，包括每 10 年进行一次的重复横断面邮寄调查，以检查社区居住的老年人队列（75、80、85、90 和 95 岁）。FI 在每个队列中包含相同的 36 个项目。
1989 年、1999 年、2009 年和 2019 年的平均 FI 分别为 0.22（SD 0.12）、0.25（SD 0.15）、0.26（SD 0.15）和 0.23（SD 0.15）（线性趋势的 P 值为粗值<.11）。调整年龄和性别后，四个队列在其衰弱程度上存在差异，2019 年队列的 FI 最低。这种性别调整后的差异在 75 岁、80 岁、85 岁和 90 岁人群中可见，但在 95 岁人群中不可见。FI 下降在男性中比女性更为明显（队列间的 P 值<.001，性别间的 P 值<.01，交互作用的 P 值=.19）。
在过去几十年中，社区居住的 75、80、85 和 90 岁人群（但 95 岁人群除外）的衰弱患病率显著下降。这种积极趋势可能对长寿社会的健康政策具有重要意义。
