Department of Gynecology, Foshan Woman and Children Hospital, Foshan, China.
Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.
Cell Tissue Res. 2024 Oct;398(1):1-14. doi: 10.1007/s00441-024-03910-w. Epub 2024 Aug 14.
Germline stem cells are a crucial type of stem cell that can stably pass on genetic information to the next generation, providing the necessary foundation for the reproduction and survival of organisms. Male mammalian germline stem cells are unique cell types that include primordial germ cells and spermatogonial stem cells. They can differentiate into germ cells, such as sperm and eggs, thereby facilitating offspring reproduction. In addition, they continuously generate stem cells through self-renewal mechanisms to support the normal function of the reproductive system. Autophagy involves the use of lysosomes to degrade proteins and organelles that are regulated by relevant genes. This process plays an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of germline stem cells and the synthesis, degradation, and recycling of germline stem cell products. Recently, the developmental regulatory mechanism of germline stem cells has been further elucidated, and autophagy has been shown to be involved in the regulation of self-renewal and differentiation of germline stem cells. In this review, we introduce autophagy accompanying the development of germline stem cells, focusing on the autophagy process accompanying the development of male spermatogonial stem cells and the roles of related genes and proteins. We also briefly outline the effects of autophagy dysfunction on germline stem cells and reproduction.
生殖干细胞是一种重要的干细胞类型，它可以将遗传信息稳定地传递给下一代，为生物的繁殖和生存提供必要的基础。雄性哺乳动物的生殖干细胞是包括原始生殖细胞和精原干细胞在内的独特细胞类型。它们可以分化为生殖细胞，如精子和卵子，从而促进后代的繁殖。此外，它们通过自我更新机制不断产生干细胞，以支持生殖系统的正常功能。自噬涉及溶酶体对相关基因调控的蛋白质和细胞器的降解。这个过程在维持生殖干细胞的内稳态以及生殖干细胞产物的合成、降解和再循环方面发挥着重要作用。最近，生殖干细胞的发育调控机制得到了进一步阐明，自噬被证明参与了生殖干细胞的自我更新和分化的调节。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了伴随生殖干细胞发育的自噬，重点介绍了伴随雄性精原干细胞发育的自噬过程以及相关基因和蛋白的作用。我们还简要概述了自噬功能障碍对生殖干细胞和生殖的影响。
