University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Top Antivir Med. 2024 Apr 18;32(2):411-419.
Vaccinations are an important part of primary care for people with HIV (PWH) and can protect against viral hepatitis and some sexually transmitted infections, as well as respiratory bacterial and viral infections. Vaccinations for influenza, COVID-19, herpes zoster (shingles), hepatitis B, meningococcal disease, mpox, and human papillomavirus are recommended for PWH. Additionally, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices has released recommendations incorporating the newer formulations of the pneumococcal pneumonia and respiratory syncytial virus vaccines. Additional considerations for the timing of vaccinations are de-scribed, including whether to delay vaccination until improvement of the immune status. Live vaccines (other than nonreplicating) are contraindicated for PWH with CD4+ counts less than 200 cells/μL or uncontrolled HIV.
疫苗接种是 HIV 感染者（PWH）初级保健的重要组成部分，可预防病毒性肝炎和某些性传播感染，以及呼吸道细菌和病毒感染。建议 PWH 接种流感、COVID-19、带状疱疹（带状疱疹）、乙型肝炎、脑膜炎球菌病、猴痘和人乳头瘤病毒疫苗。此外，免疫实践咨询委员会发布了建议，纳入了新型肺炎球菌肺炎和呼吸道合胞病毒疫苗的配方。还描述了疫苗接种时间的其他考虑因素，包括是否延迟接种，直到免疫状态改善。对于 CD4+计数<200 个/μL 或 HIV 未得到控制的 PWH，活疫苗（非复制型除外）禁用。
