Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China.
School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
Placenta. 2024 Sep 26;155:70-77. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2024.07.310. Epub 2024 Jul 30.
Diabetes mellitus leads to maldevelopment of the villous morphology in the human placenta, disrupting the exchange of materials between the maternal and fetal compartments, consequently compromising fetal development. This study aims to explore how different types of diabetes mellitus affect human placental villous geometric morphology including branching numbers and sizes (length, diameter).
Here an optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based 3D imaging platform was utilized to capture 3D images of placental villi from different types of diabetes, including type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Different types of diabetes mellitus exhibit different effects on human placental villous geometric morphological parameters: GDM had greater placenta villous parameters at intermediate villous diameter (IVD), terminal villous diameter (TVD), terminal villous length (TVL) compared to the healthy, T1DM, and T2DM, and these differences were statistically significant. The TVD of T1DM and T2DM had significantly greater sizes than the healthy. There was no statistically significant difference in the number of villous branches among the three types of diabetes, but T1DM and GDM had more villous branches than healthy individuals.
Diabetes mellitus affects the geometric morphology of human placental villi, with varying effects observed in pregnancies of different diabetes types. These findings offer a novel avenue for exploring underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and enhancing the management of women with diabetes from preconception through pregnancy.
糖尿病会导致人胎盘绒毛形态发育不良，破坏母体和胎儿之间物质交换，从而影响胎儿发育。本研究旨在探讨不同类型的糖尿病如何影响人胎盘绒毛的几何形态，包括分支数量和大小（长度、直径）。
本研究利用基于光学相干断层扫描（OCT）的 3D 成像平台，获取来自不同类型糖尿病（包括 1 型糖尿病（T1DM）、2 型糖尿病（T2DM）和妊娠期糖尿病（GDM））的胎盘绒毛 3D 图像。
不同类型的糖尿病对人胎盘绒毛几何形态参数有不同的影响：GDM 在中间绒毛直径（IVD）、末端绒毛直径（TVD）和末端绒毛长度（TVL）方面的胎盘绒毛参数大于健康对照组、T1DM 和 T2DM，且差异具有统计学意义。T1DM 和 T2DM 的 TVD 明显大于健康对照组。三种糖尿病之间的绒毛分支数量没有统计学差异，但 T1DM 和 GDM 的绒毛分支数多于健康对照组。
糖尿病会影响人胎盘绒毛的几何形态，不同类型的妊娠糖尿病对其影响不同。这些发现为探索潜在的病理生理机制提供了新的途径，并有助于加强对患有糖尿病的女性从受孕前到妊娠期间的管理。
