Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
J Affect Disord. 2024 Nov 1;364:96-103. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.049. Epub 2024 Aug 12.
Growing evidence suggests the relevance of affective temperaments in the development of mood disorders. This study aims to assess their potential role as a vulnerability factor for seasonal affective disorder (SAD) and subsyndromal SAD (S-SAD) in a sample of young individuals without a history of clinical diagnosis.
Eight hundred and forty-six university students were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Participants were evaluated for exclusion and inclusion criteria and divided into Control, S-SAD, and SAD groups. They filled out two self-administered questionnaires to assess the degree of seasonality problems and the predominant type of affective temperaments, the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ), and the Temperament Evaluation Instrument of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego-Auto-questionnaire version scale (briefTEMPS-M version). We conducted a multinomial logistic regression model to explore the relationship between affective temperaments and seasonality.
Our results evidenced that cyclothymic [χ (2) = 33.486, p < 0.001] and anxious [χ (2) = 86.991, p < 0.001] temperaments were significant predictors in the model, suggesting that individuals with cyclothymic and anxious temperaments are at increased risk of developing SAD, due to heightened seasonal changes in mood and behavior. In contrast, people with hyperthymic temperament appear less susceptible to experiencing seasonal problems.
The homogeneity of the sample; only retrospective self-reported data were considered; measures of temperament and seasonality were simultaneously assessed.
Understanding which affective temperaments may constitute a potential predisposing factor for vulnerability to seasonal changes can aid in better assessing SAD and predicting its outcome.
越来越多的证据表明情感气质在心境障碍的发展中具有相关性。本研究旨在评估它们在没有临床诊断史的年轻个体中作为季节性情感障碍（SAD）和亚综合征 SAD（S-SAD）的易感性因素的潜在作用。
846 名大学生参加了一项横断面研究。对参与者进行排除和纳入标准评估，并分为对照组、S-SAD 组和 SAD 组。他们填写了两份自我管理问卷，以评估季节性问题的程度和主要的情感气质类型，即季节性模式评估问卷（SPAQ）和孟菲斯、比萨、巴黎和圣地亚哥自动问卷版的 Memphis、 Pisa、Paris、San Diego 气质评估工具（简称 briefTEMPS-M 版本）。我们进行了多项逻辑回归模型，以探讨情感气质与季节性之间的关系。
我们的结果表明，环性（χ 2=33.486，p<0.001）和焦虑（χ 2=86.991，p<0.001）气质在模型中是显著的预测因素，这表明具有环性和焦虑气质的个体由于情绪和行为季节性变化而增加了患 SAD 的风险。相比之下，具有欣快气质的人似乎不太容易出现季节性问题。
样本的同质性；仅考虑回顾性自我报告数据；同时评估气质和季节性的措施。
了解哪些情感气质可能构成对季节性变化易感性的潜在诱发因素，可以帮助更好地评估 SAD 并预测其结果。
