College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
Liaoning Agriculture Vocational and Technical College, Yingkou, China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2024 Aug 14;24(1):774. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-05482-x.
Nitrogen (N) is a crucial element for increasing photosynthesis and crop yields. The study aims to evaluate the photosynthetic regulation and yield formation mechanisms of different nodulating peanut varieties with N fertilizer application.
The present work explored the effect of N fertilizer application rates (N0, N45, N105, and N165) on the photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, dry matter, N accumulation, and yield of four peanut varieties.
The results showed that N application increased the photosynthetic capacity, dry matter, N accumulation, and yield of peanuts. The measurement of chlorophyll a fluorescence revealed that the K-phase, J-phase, and I-phase from the OJIP curve decreased under N105 treatment compared with N0, and W, ET/CS, RE/CS, ET/RC, RE/RC, φPo, φEo, φRo, and Ψ0 increased, whereas V, V, W, ABS/RC, TR/RC, DI/RC, and φDo decreased. Meanwhile, the photosystem activity and electron transfer efficiency of nodulating peanut varieties decreased with an increase in N (N165). However, the photosynthetic capacity and yield of the non-nodulating peanut variety, which highly depended on N fertilizer, increased with an increase in N.
Optimized N application (N105) increased the activity of the photosystem II (PSII) reaction center, improved the electron and energy transfer performance in the photosynthetic electron transport chain, and reduced the energy dissipation of leaves in nodulating peanut varieties, which is conducive to improving the yield. Nevertheless, high N (N165) had a positive effect on the photosystem and yield of non-nodulating peanut. The results provide highly valuable guidance for optimizing peanut N management and cultivation measures.
氮（N）是提高光合作用和作物产量的关键元素。本研究旨在评估不同结瘤花生品种施用氮肥对光合作用调节和产量形成机制的影响。
本研究探讨了不同氮肥施用量（N0、N45、N105 和 N165）对四种花生品种光合作用特性、叶绿素荧光特性、干物质、N 积累和产量的影响。
结果表明，施氮增加了花生的光合能力、干物质、N 积累和产量。叶绿素 a 荧光测量表明，与 N0 相比，N105 处理下 OJIP 曲线的 K 相、J 相和 I 相降低，而 W、ET/CS、RE/CS、ET/RC、RE/RC、φPo、φEo、φRo 和 Ψ0 增加，而 V、V、W、ABS/RC、TR/RC、DI/RC 和 φDo 降低。同时，结瘤花生品种的光合系统活性和电子传递效率随 N 的增加而降低（N165）。然而，对氮肥高度依赖的非结瘤花生品种的光合能力和产量随 N 的增加而增加。
优化的 N 施用量（N105）增加了 PSII 反应中心的活性，改善了光合电子传递链中的电子和能量传递性能，降低了结瘤花生品种叶片的能量耗散，有利于提高产量。然而，高 N（N165）对非结瘤花生的光合作用和产量有积极影响。研究结果为优化花生 N 管理和栽培措施提供了有价值的指导。
