Doping and carbon encapsulation modifications have been proven to be effective methods for enhancing the lithium storage performance of batteries. The hydrothermal method and ball milling are commonly used methods for material synthesis. In this study, a composite anode material rich in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) conductive tubular network connection and encapsulation of SnO-MoS@CNTs (SMC) was synthesized by combining these two methods. In this highly conductive network, nano-SnO particles are uniformly dispersed and embedded in MoS with a layered structure, and the obtained SnO-MoS composite material is tightly connected and encapsulated by the tubular network of CNTs. It is worth noting that the incorporation of layered MoS not only effectively anchors the SnO nanoparticles, but also provides a broader space for lithium-ion movement due to the larger interlayer spacing. The conductive network of CNTs shortens the diffusion path of electrons and Li and provides more diffusion channels. The reversible capacity of the SnO-MoS@CNTs nanocomposite material remains at 1069.3 mA h g after 320 cycles at 0.2 A g, and it exhibits excellent long-term cycling stability, maintaining 904.5 mA h g after 1000 cycles at 1.0 A g. The composite material demonstrates excellent pseudocapacitive contribution rate performance, with a contribution rate of 87% at 2.0 mV s. The results indicate that SnO-MoS@CNTs has excellent electrochemical lithium storage performance and is a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries.