USDA-ARS, Horticultural Crops Disease and Pest Management Research Unit, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
Arch Insect Biochem Physiol. 2024 Aug;116(4):e22080. doi: 10.1002/arch.22080.
Spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), is an invasive vinegar fly that is a major threat to the small fruits industries globally. Insect capa genes encode multiple neuropeptides, including CAPA-periviscerokinin (CAPA-PVK) peptides, that are specifically known to cause diuresis or anti-diuresis in various organisms. Here we identified and characterized a corresponding G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) of the D. suzukii CAPA-PVK peptides: CAPA receptor (CAPA-R). To better characterize the behavior of D. suzukii CAPA-R, we used insect cell-based functional expression assays to evaluate responses of CAPA-R against D. suzukii CAPA-PVKs, CAPA-PVKs from five species in Insecta, one species from Mollusca, modified CAPA-PVK peptides, and some PRXamide family peptides: pyrokinin (PK), diapause hormone (DH), and ecdysis-triggering hormone (ETH). Functional studies revealed that the D. suzukii CAPA-R is strongly activated by both of its own natural D. suzukii CAPA-PVKs, and interestingly, it was strongly activated by other CAPA-PVK peptides from Frankliniella occidentallis (Thysanoptera), Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera), Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera) and Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera). However, D. suzukii CAPA-R was not activated by Mollusca CAPA-PVK or the other PRXamide peptides. Gene expression analyses showed that the CAPA-R was highly expressed in the Malpighian tubules and moderately in hindgut compared to other digestive organs or the rest of body, supporting diuretic/antidiuretic functionality. When compared across life stages of D. suzukii, expression of CAPA-R was approximately 1.5x greater in the third instar than the other stages and minimally detected in the eggs, 4-day old pupae and 3-day old adults. Our results functionally characterized the D. suzukii CAPA-R and a few short peptides were identified as potential biological targets to exploit the CAPA-R for D. suzukii management.
斑翅果蝇，果蝇 suzukii（松村），是一种入侵性醋蝇，对全球小水果产业构成重大威胁。昆虫 capa 基因编码多种神经肽，包括 CAPA-内脏促利尿激素（CAPA-PVK）肽，这些肽在各种生物中被专门发现可引起利尿或抗利尿作用。在这里，我们鉴定并表征了果蝇 suzukii CAPA-PVK 肽的相应 G 蛋白偶联受体（GPCR）：CAPA 受体（CAPA-R）。为了更好地表征果蝇 suzukii CAPA-R 的行为，我们使用昆虫细胞基于功能表达测定来评估 CAPA-R 对果蝇 suzukii CAPA-PVKs、来自昆虫纲的五个物种的 CAPA-PVKs、来自软体动物的一个物种、修饰的 CAPA-PVK 肽以及一些 PRXamide 家族肽：热激蛋白（PK）、滞育激素（DH）和蜕皮激素（ETH）的反应。功能研究表明，果蝇 suzukii CAPA-R 被其自身天然的果蝇 suzukii CAPA-PVKs 强烈激活，有趣的是，它也被来自西方盲蝽（半翅目）、红火蚁（膜翅目）、棉铃虫（鳞翅目）和小菜蛾（鳞翅目）的其他 CAPA-PVK 肽强烈激活。然而，果蝇 suzukii CAPA-R 未被软体动物 CAPA-PVK 或其他 PRXamide 肽激活。基因表达分析表明，CAPA-R 在直肠中高度表达，在直肠中中度表达，与其他消化器官或身体其他部位相比，支持利尿/抗利尿功能。与果蝇 suzukii 的各个生命阶段相比，CAPA-R 的表达在第三龄期比其他阶段高约 1.5 倍，在卵、4 天龄的蛹和 3 天龄的成虫中检测到最小量。我们的结果功能表征了果蝇 suzukii CAPA-R，并鉴定了一些短肽作为潜在的生物学靶标，以利用 CAPA-R 来管理果蝇 suzukii。
