Gou Zixuan, Zhang Difei, Cao Hongliang, Li Yao, Li Yunkuo, Zhao Zijian, Wang Ye, Wang Yishu, Zhou Honglan
Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Department of Urology II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2024 Aug 1;12:1421763. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1421763. eCollection 2024.
The myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) gene, located on human chromosome 22, encodes non-muscle myosin heavy chain IIA (NM IIA). This protein is essential to various cellular events, such as generating intracellular chemomechanical force and facilitating the movement of the actin cytoskeleton. Mutations associated with thrombocytopenia in autosomal dominant diseases first highlighted the significance of the MYH9 gene. In recent years, numerous studies have demonstrated the pivotal roles of MYH9 in various cancers. However, its effects on cancer are intricate and not fully comprehended. Furthermore, the elevated expression of MYH9 in certain malignancies suggests its potential as a target for tumor therapy. Nonetheless, there is a paucity of literature summarizing MYH9's role in tumors and the therapeutic strategies centered on it, necessitating a systematic analysis. This paper comprehensively reviews and analyzes the pertinent literature in this domain, elucidating the fundamental structural characteristics, biological functions, and the nexus between MYH9 and tumors. The mechanisms through which MYH9 contributes to tumor development and its multifaceted roles in the tumorigenic process are also explored. Additionally, we discuss the relationship between MYH9-related diseases (MYH9-RD) and tumors and also summarize tumor therapeutic approaches targeting MYH9. The potential clinical applications of studying the MYH9 gene include improving early diagnosis, clinical staging, and prognosis of tumors. This paper is anticipated to provide novel insights for tumor therapy.
肌球蛋白重链9（MYH9）基因位于人类22号染色体上，编码非肌肉型肌球蛋白重链IIA（NM IIA）。这种蛋白质对于各种细胞活动至关重要，例如产生细胞内化学机械力以及促进肌动蛋白细胞骨架的运动。与常染色体显性疾病中的血小板减少症相关的突变首次凸显了MYH9基因的重要性。近年来，大量研究表明MYH9在各种癌症中发挥着关键作用。然而，其对癌症的影响错综复杂，尚未完全被理解。此外，MYH9在某些恶性肿瘤中的高表达表明其具有作为肿瘤治疗靶点的潜力。尽管如此，缺乏总结MYH9在肿瘤中的作用以及以其为中心的治疗策略的文献，因此有必要进行系统分析。本文全面回顾和分析了该领域的相关文献，阐明了MYH9的基本结构特征、生物学功能以及它与肿瘤之间的联系。还探讨了MYH9促进肿瘤发展的机制及其在肿瘤发生过程中的多方面作用。此外，我们讨论了MYH9相关疾病（MYH9-RD）与肿瘤之间的关系，并总结了针对MYH9的肿瘤治疗方法。研究MYH9基因的潜在临床应用包括改善肿瘤的早期诊断、临床分期和预后。本文有望为肿瘤治疗提供新的见解。
