Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Physiol Plant. 2024 Jul-Aug;176(4):e14447. doi: 10.1111/ppl.14447.
There is a focus on sustainability when manufacturing materials. Utilizing biobased materials and replacing fossil-based products is the main research focus. Bio-composite materials are applied to packaging, filler coatings, and pharmaceuticals. Here, we used the leaves of the agro-waste plant Albizia lebeck L. to extract cellulose. Chemical treatment causing strong acid hydrolysis successfully extracted the cellulose content from the leaves. The cellulose obtained was then strengthened with polylactic acid to make a biobased film for future applications. Fourier transform spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis, particle size analysis, visible UV and elemental analysis were all used to characterize the extracted cellulose. SEM and mechanical property analysis were used to check and describe the quality of the reinforced biofilm. The greatest cellulose yield from this raw material was 50.2%. The crystallinity index and crystallite size (CI 70.3% and CS 11.29 nm) were high in the extracted cellulose. The TG (DTG) curve analysis derivative revealed cellulose particle breakdown was initiated around 305.2°C and can endure temperatures up to 600°C. Biofilms reinforced with polylactic acid cellulose (1, 2, 3, and 5% by weight %) exhibited a smooth and parallel surface. As the filler concentration increased, minor agglomeration occurred. The tensile strength of pure polylactic acid (PLA) (34.72 MPa) was extended up to 38.91 MPa for 5% filler. Similarly, Young's modulus also increased to 5.24 MPa. However, the elongation break decreases with the increase of filler content, and the least value of decrease is 7.5 MPa. Concerning prospective implementations, it is expected that the biobased film and cellulose particles will prove to be more functional.
在制造材料时，重点关注可持续性。利用生物基材料和替代化石基产品是主要的研究重点。生物复合材料应用于包装、填充涂层和制药领域。在这里，我们使用农业废弃物植物 Albizia lebeck L 的叶子来提取纤维素。化学处理引起的强酸水解成功地从叶子中提取了纤维素含量。然后，将获得的纤维素与聚乳酸增强，制成用于未来应用的生物基薄膜。傅里叶变换光谱、扫描电子显微镜、热分析、粒度分析、可见紫外和元素分析均用于对提取的纤维素进行表征。扫描电子显微镜和机械性能分析用于检查和描述增强型生物膜的质量。从这种原料中获得的最大纤维素产率为 50.2%。提取纤维素的结晶度指数和结晶尺寸（CI 为 70.3%，CS 为 11.29nm）较高。TG（DTG）曲线分析导数表明，纤维素颗粒的分解始于约 305.2°C，可承受高达 600°C 的温度。用聚乳酸纤维素（重量比为 1%、2%、3%和 5%）增强的生物膜表面光滑且平行。随着填充剂浓度的增加，会发生轻微的团聚。纯聚乳酸（PLA）的拉伸强度（34.72MPa）可提高至 5%填充剂时的 38.91MPa。同样，杨氏模量也增加到 5.24MPa。然而，随着填充剂含量的增加，伸长率下降，下降的最小值为 7.5MPa。关于未来的实施，预计生物基薄膜和纤维素颗粒将证明具有更好的功能性。
