Herrerías-García Anaid, Jacobo-Tovar Emmanuel, Hernández-Robles Claudia Mariana, Guardado-Mendoza Rodolfo
Metabolic Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Nutrition, University of Guanajuato, Blvd. Milenio 1001, Predio San Carlos, 37670, León, Guanajuato, Mexico.
Acta Diabetol. 2025 Feb;62(2):253-261. doi: 10.1007/s00592-024-02352-8. Epub 2024 Aug 16.
To evaluate insulin secretion and insulin resistance profiles in individuals with family history of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.
This was a cross-sectional study to evaluate clinical and metabolic profiles between individuals with type 2 diabetes, prediabetes and their relatives. There were 911 subjects divided into five groups: (i) normoglycemic (NG), (ii) type 2 diabetes, (iii) prediabetes, (iv) first-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes (famT2D), and (v) first-degree relatives of patients with prediabetes (famPD); anthropometrical, biochemical and nutritional evaluation, as well as insulin resistance and pancreatic beta cell function measurement was performed by oral glucose tolerance to compare between groups.
The most prevalent type 2 diabetes risk factors were dyslipidemia (81%), family history of type 2 diabetes (76%), central obesity (73%), male sex (63%), and sedentary lifestyle (60%), and most of them were progressively associated to prediabetes and type 2 diabetes groups. Insulin sensitivity was lower in famT2D groups in comparison to NG group (p < 0.0001). FamPD and famT2D had a 10% lower pancreatic beta cell function (DI) than the NG group (NG group 2.78 ± 1.0, famPD 2.5 ± 0.85, famT2D 2.4 ± 0.75, p˂0.001).
FamPD and famT2D patients had lower pancreatic beta cell function than NG patients, highlighting that defects in insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity appear long time before the development of hyperglycemia in patients genetically predisposed.
评估有糖尿病前期和2型糖尿病家族史个体的胰岛素分泌和胰岛素抵抗情况。
这是一项横断面研究，旨在评估2型糖尿病患者、糖尿病前期患者及其亲属的临床和代谢情况。911名受试者被分为五组：（i）血糖正常（NG）组，（ii）2型糖尿病组，（iii）糖尿病前期组，（iv）2型糖尿病患者的一级亲属（famT2D组），以及（v）糖尿病前期患者的一级亲属（famPD组）；通过口服葡萄糖耐量试验进行人体测量、生化和营养评估，以及胰岛素抵抗和胰岛β细胞功能测量，以比较各组情况。
最常见的2型糖尿病危险因素为血脂异常（81%）、2型糖尿病家族史（76%）、中心性肥胖（73%）、男性（63%）和久坐不动的生活方式（60%），其中大多数与糖尿病前期和2型糖尿病组呈渐进性相关。与NG组相比，famT2D组的胰岛素敏感性较低（p < 0.0001）。FamPD组和famT2D组的胰岛β细胞功能（DI）比NG组低10%（NG组2.78±1.0，famPD组2.5±0.85，famT2D组2.4±0.75，p<0.001）。
FamPD组和famT2D组患者的胰岛β细胞功能低于NG组患者，这突出表明在具有遗传易感性的患者中，胰岛素分泌和胰岛素敏感性缺陷在高血糖发生之前很长时间就已出现。
