Silva Rosa, Prata Ana Paula, Abreu Wilson, Brandão Tânia, Brandão Sónia, Riklikiene Olga, Jarasiunaite-Fedosejeva Gabija, González Mesa Ernesto S, Gökçe İsbir Gözde, Inci Figen, Komurku Burku, Uriko Kristiina, Thompson Gill
Porto School of Nursing, CINTESIS (Center for Research in Health Technologies and Services), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
William James Center for Research, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal.
Birth. 2024 Aug 18. doi: 10.1111/birt.12865.
The COVID-19 pandemic added new challenges and stressors to the childbirth period, potentially increasing the risk of traumatic childbirth experiences. There is little known about posttraumatic growth (PTG) in a childbearing population. This study describes PTG in women after traumatic childbirth during the COVID-19 pandemic and its association with sociodemographic, birth-related characteristics, traumatic childbirth events, perceived stress, and core beliefs, as well as explores what factors predict PTG.
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 202 women who self-identified as having experienced traumatic childbirth. Measures included sociodemographic and birth-related characteristics, traumatic childbirth events, self-reported stress during childbirth, the PTG Inventory, and the Core Beliefs Inventory (CBI).
Perceived stress at the time of birth was very high in 70% of the respondents. CBI showed moderate disruption of core beliefs. 41.6% of mothers indicated substantial PTG. Education and type of birth were related to perceived stress levels; higher disruption of core beliefs was observed in individuals who experienced perineal trauma and lack of partners' presence during childbirth, and higher disruption of core beliefs was positively associated with PTG. Predictive models showed that perceived stress had a minimal effect, while the disruption of core beliefs showed a significant positive association with PTG.
Traumatic childbirth experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic were positively related to PTG. Health professionals should create an environment where women can explore their feelings and emotions. Changes in current practices are also necessary as cesareans have been shown to be highly associated with high levels of perceived stress.
新冠疫情给分娩期带来了新的挑战和压力源，可能增加分娩创伤经历的风险。关于生育人群的创伤后成长（PTG），人们了解甚少。本研究描述了新冠疫情期间经历分娩创伤的女性的PTG及其与社会人口学、分娩相关特征、分娩创伤事件、感知压力和核心信念的关联，并探讨了哪些因素可预测PTG。
对202名自称经历过分娩创伤的女性进行了一项横断面研究。测量内容包括社会人口学和分娩相关特征、分娩创伤事件、分娩期间自我报告的压力、PTG量表和核心信念量表（CBI）。
70%的受访者表示分娩时感知到的压力非常高。CBI显示核心信念受到中度干扰。41.6%的母亲表示有显著的PTG。教育程度和分娩类型与感知压力水平有关；在经历会阴创伤和分娩时伴侣不在场的个体中，观察到核心信念的更高干扰，且核心信念的更高干扰与PTG呈正相关。预测模型显示，感知压力的影响最小，而核心信念的干扰与PTG呈显著正相关。
新冠疫情期间的分娩创伤经历与PTG呈正相关。卫生专业人员应营造一个女性能够探索自己感受和情绪的环境。由于剖宫产已被证明与高水平的感知压力高度相关，因此改变当前的做法也是必要的。
