School of Pharmacy, Lingaya's Vidyapeeth, Faridabad, Haryana, India.
Luminescence. 2024 Aug;39(8):e4870. doi: 10.1002/bio.4870.
Since the beginning of nanoscience and nanotechnology, carbon dots (CDs) have been the foundational idea and have dominated the growth of the nano-field. CDs are an intriguing platform for utilization in biology, technology, catalysis, and other fields thanks to their numerous distinctive structural, physicochemical, and photochemical characteristics. Since several carbon dots have already been created, they have been assessed based on their synthesis process, and luminescence characteristics. Due to their biocompatibility, less toxic effects, and most significantly their fluorescent features in contrast to other carbon nanostructures, CDs have several benefits. This review focuses on the most recent advancements in the characterization, applications, and synthesis techniques used for CDs made from natural sources. It will also direct scientists in the creation of a synthesis technique for adjustable carbon dots that is more practical, effective, and environmentally benign. With low toxicity and low cost, CDs are meeting the new era's requirements for more selectivity and sensitivity in the detection and sensing of various things, such as biomaterial sensing, enzymes, chemical contamination, and temperature sensing. Its variety of properties, such as optical properties, chemiluminescence, and morphological analysis, make it a good option to use in bioimaging, drug delivery, biosensors, and cancer diagnosis.
自纳米科学和纳米技术诞生以来，碳点 (CDs) 一直是基础理念，并主导了纳米领域的发展。由于其众多独特的结构、物理化学和光化学特性，CDs 是在生物学、技术、催化等领域中具有吸引力的应用平台。由于已经制备了几种碳点，因此已经根据它们的合成工艺和发光特性对它们进行了评估。与其他碳纳米结构相比，CDs 具有生物相容性、毒性较小以及最重要的荧光特性等优点。本综述重点介绍了来自天然来源的 CDs 的表征、应用和合成技术的最新进展。它还将指导科学家开发出更实用、更有效和更环保的可调谐碳点合成技术。CDs 具有低毒性和低成本的特点，满足了新时代对各种物质（如生物材料传感、酶、化学污染和温度传感）检测和传感更高选择性和灵敏度的要求。其多种性质，如光学性质、化学发光和形态分析，使其成为生物成像、药物输送、生物传感器和癌症诊断的理想选择。
