Okal Fahad M, Hafiz Badr E, Alassiri Ali, Alamri Zeyad, Alshaya Wael
Neurosurgery Division, Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU.
Department of Neurosurgery, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah, SAU.
Cureus. 2024 Jul 18;16(7):e64820. doi: 10.7759/cureus.64820. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Intraosseous malignant melanotic nerve sheath tumors are extremely uncommon peripheral nerve sheath tumors that typically present with benign clinical and histopathological features but with more aggressive long-term behavior. These tumors commonly originate from the dorsal nerve roots, sympathetic chain, cranial nerves, and lumbar plexus but may be found throughout the body. It usually presents with gradual compressive symptoms over months to years, like the typical presentation of schwannomas. The mainstay of treatment is surgical resection, with gross total resection recommended. Additional treatment with adjuvant therapy for recidivist or metastatic disease is less well-defined due to the rarity of these tumors. Adjuvant radiation following resection that is not gross total or that accomplishes clear surgical margins is advocated by some authors, although there is no strong evidence for it in the literature. In this report, we describe an extremely rare case of gradual onset, progressive spinal cord dysfunction in a patient with a lumbosacral intraspinal malignant melanotic nerve sheath tumor with bony invasion that was treated with an innovative reconstruction technique that to the best of our knowledge is first described in our paper. The patient achieved excellent functional and neurological outcomes after the surgical excision and reconstruction.
骨内恶性黑色素性神经鞘瘤是极为罕见的周围神经鞘瘤,通常具有良性的临床和组织病理学特征,但长期行为更具侵袭性。这些肿瘤通常起源于背神经根、交感神经链、颅神经和腰丛,但也可能在全身各处发现。它通常在数月至数年的时间里逐渐出现压迫症状,类似于典型的神经鞘瘤表现。治疗的主要方法是手术切除,建议行根治性切除。由于这些肿瘤罕见,对于复发或转移性疾病的辅助治疗定义不太明确。一些作者主张在未行根治性切除或未达到清晰手术切缘的切除术后进行辅助放疗,尽管文献中对此没有强有力的证据。在本报告中,我们描述了一例极为罕见的病例,一名患有腰骶部椎管内恶性黑色素性神经鞘瘤并伴有骨质侵犯的患者逐渐出现进行性脊髓功能障碍,采用了一种创新的重建技术进行治疗,据我们所知,该技术首次在本文中描述。手术切除和重建后,患者获得了良好的功能和神经学结果。