Ibrahimi Khoram Abadi E, Heydari S, Kazemi M
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Science, University of Torbat-e Jam, Torbat-e Jam, Iran.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Science, University of Torbat-e Jam, Torbat-e Jam, Iran.
Iran J Vet Res. 2024;25(1):16-24. doi: 10.22099/IJVR.2024.47753.6919.
Incorporation of bentonite into the diets of ruminants can be helpful to maximize their performance. Modifying the structure of bentonite to nano and nanocomposite has improved their chemical stability and physicochemical properties, enhancing adsorption, absorption, and cation exchange capacity. This study aimed to assess the effect of magnetic bentonite nanocomposite (MBNC) on and fermentation process patterns, nutrient digestibility, and growth performance of Baluchi male lambs.
Effects of control (basal diet), natural bentonite (NB) (10 g/kg dry matter (DM)), processed bentonite (PB) (5 and 10 g/kg DM basal diet), and MBNC (5 and 10 g/kg DM basal diet) on gas production (GP), and the fermentation process were determined using GP technique. For the experiment, 20 Baluchi male lambs were used with 4 experimental treatments: control, NB (5 g/kg DM), PB (5 g/kg DM), and MBNC (5 g/kg DM) and 5 replications in a completely randomized design for 60 consecutive days.
The potential for GP and its fractional rates were significantly decreased and increased in MBNC, respectively (P<0.01). The lowest cumulative GP, and CH yield were observed in MBNC (P<0.05). , DM and organic matter (OM) digestibility and all fermentation parameters increased with the addition of two levels of MBNC to the culture medium (P<0.01). Except for feed conversion ratio (FCR), other growth performance parameters increased with the addition of MBNC to the diet (P<0.01). The ruminal pH, total volatile fatty acids (TVFA), acetate, and propionate significantly increased when MBNC incorporated to the diet (P<0.01). The NH-N (P<0.001) was significantly decreased in MBNC. The bentonite supplementation decreased acetate to propionate (P=0.001) compared to the control.
Adding MBNC at the 5 g/kg diet DM level can be used as a useful supplement to optimize rumen fermentation pattern, reduce methane production, and increase lamb performance.
在反刍动物日粮中添加膨润土有助于使其生产性能最大化。将膨润土的结构改性为纳米和纳米复合材料可提高其化学稳定性和物理化学性质，增强吸附、吸收及阳离子交换能力。本研究旨在评估磁性膨润土纳米复合材料（MBNC）对俾路支公羔羊瘤胃发酵过程模式、营养物质消化率及生长性能的影响。
采用产气技术测定对照（基础日粮）、天然膨润土（NB）（10 g/kg干物质（DM））、加工膨润土（PB）（5和10 g/kg DM基础日粮）以及MBNC（5和10 g/kg DM基础日粮）对产气（GP）及发酵过程的影响。在一项为期60天的完全随机设计实验中，选用20只俾路支公羔羊，设4种实验处理：对照、NB（5 g/kg DM）、PB（5 g/kg DM）和MBNC（5 g/kg DM），每组5个重复。
MBNC组的产气潜力及其分级速率分别显著降低和增加（P<0.01）。MBNC组的累积产气量和甲烷产量最低（P<0.05）。添加两个水平的MBNC至培养基后，粗蛋白、干物质和有机物（OM）消化率以及所有发酵参数均增加（P<0.01）。除饲料转化率（FCR）外，日粮中添加MBNC后其他生长性能参数均增加（P<0.01）。日粮中添加MBNC后，瘤胃pH值、总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）、乙酸和丙酸显著增加（P<0.01）。MBNC组的氨态氮（P<0.001）显著降低。与对照组相比，添加膨润土降低了乙酸与丙酸的比例（P=0.001）。
日粮中添加5 g/kg DM水平的MBNC可作为一种有效的补充剂，优化瘤胃发酵模式，减少甲烷产生，并提高羔羊生产性能。
