Complex Interplay: A Gigantic Recurrent Popliteal Cyst Following Total Knee Arthroplasty in a Patient with Refractory Rheumatoid Arthritis Case Report.

INTRODUCTION

A popliteal cyst, or Baker's cyst, is often associated with joint diseases such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It is rare for these cysts to develop following total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but understanding when and why they might can optimize patient care. Presented here is a unique case of a massive, chronically recurring infected popliteal cyst in a patient with RA and prior TKA, shedding light on an unusual complication worth attention in the orthopedic literature.

CASE REPORT

In this case, the patient had longstanding, difficult-to-treat RA. Following left TKA, the patient developed a painful popliteal cyst, leading to hospitalization in 2023. Microbiological analysis identified as the infectious agent despite negative mycobacterial and mycological cultures. Surgical intervention involved a one-stage procedure, encompassing resection of the extensive thigh cyst and prosthesis replacement. Notably, the cyst reached an unprecedented size, measuring 32 cm at its peak, presenting a unique challenge in management.

CONCLUSION

This case report contributes significantly to orthopedic literature by highlighting the intricate interplay between joint pathologies, surgical interventions, and infections. It highlights the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration in managing complex musculoskeletal conditions. The rarity of a massive and infected popliteal cyst post-TKA emphasizes the need for heightened vigilance in patient care post-surgery. Furthermore, this case report serves as a valuable addition to the understanding of potential complications associated with TKA, offering insights that may inform future treatment strategies and optimize patient outcomes in orthopedic practice.