Department of Audiology, Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Moscow, Russia.
The Shared Resource Centre (SRC) "Genome", Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia.
J Int Adv Otol. 2024 Mar 27;20(2):119-126. doi: 10.5152/iao.2024.231252.
Autosomal dominant hearing loss is represented by a large number of genetically determined forms. Over 50 genes associated with dominant nonsyndromic hearing impairments were described. Pathogenic variants in the CEACAM16 gene lead to the development of DFNA4B hearing loss. Currently, 8 pathogenic variants in this gene have been described. The objective of this study was to study the audiological and molecular genetic characteristics of a large family with CEACAM16-associated autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss. A detailed anamnesis was collected, and a comprehensive audiological examination was performed for 21 family members. Genetic testing was performed, including whole-genome sequencing for the proband's son and Sanger sequence analysis for the proband and for all available family members. In a large Russian family, including 5 generations, an autosomal dominant type of slowly progressing nonsyndromic late-onset hearing loss was observed. Eleven family members suffer from hearing impairment, which starts with tinnitus and threshold increase at high frequencies, since the age of 5-20 years. Hearing loss slowly progresses with age in each person and is similar to age-related hearing loss. We have detected the novel likely pathogenic variant с.419С>T (p.(Thr140Ile)) in exon 3 of the CEACAM16 gene, which segregates with late-onset nonsyndromic hearing loss in this family. The clinical data obtained in the examined family correspond with the phenotype in previously described cases. In general, the study widened the mutation spectrum of the gene, allowing to carry out medical genetic counseling and to answer the questions about the hearing impairment prognosis for future generations.
常染色体显性遗传性听力损失表现为大量由基因决定的形式。已经描述了超过 50 个与显性非综合征性听力障碍相关的基因。CEACAM16 基因中的致病变异导致 DFNA4B 听力损失的发生。目前,该基因已描述了 8 种致病变异。本研究旨在研究一个具有 CEACAM16 相关常染色体显性非综合征性听力损失的大型家族的听力学和分子遗传学特征。收集了详细的病史,并对 21 名家族成员进行了全面的听力检查。进行了基因检测,包括对先证者儿子的全基因组测序和对先证者以及所有可用家族成员的 Sanger 序列分析。在一个包括 5 代人的大型俄罗斯家族中,观察到一种常染色体显性类型的进展缓慢的非综合征性迟发性听力损失。11 名家族成员患有听力障碍,从 5-20 岁开始,以耳鸣和高频阈值升高为首发症状。每个人的听力损失随年龄缓慢进展,与年龄相关的听力损失相似。我们在 CEACAM16 基因的外显子 3 中检测到了一个新的可能致病的变异 c.419C>T (p.(Thr140Ile)),该变异与该家族的迟发性非综合征性听力损失共分离。在被检查的家族中获得的临床数据与以前描述的病例的表型相对应。总的来说,该研究拓宽了该基因的突变谱,使我们能够进行医学遗传咨询,并回答关于未来几代人听力障碍预后的问题。