Li Guilong, Zhao Zibin, Jiang Xunda, Chen Zhaopin, Liu Bin, Malomed Boris A, Li Yongyao
School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, <a href="https://ror.org/02xvvvp28">Foshan University</a>, Foshan 528225, China.
Physics Department and Solid-State Institute, <a href="https://ror.org/03qryx823">Technion</a>, Haifa 32000, Israel.
Phys Rev Lett. 2024 Aug 2;133(5):053804. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.053804.
We construct strongly anisotropic quantum droplets with embedded vorticity in the 3D space, with mutually perpendicular vortex axis and polarization of atomic magnetic moments. Stability of these anisotropic vortex quantum droplets (AVQDs) is verified by means of systematic simulations. Their stability area is identified in the parametric plane of the total atom number and scattering length of the contact interactions. We also construct vortex-antivortex-vortex bound states and find their stability region in the parameter space. The application of a torque perpendicular to the vorticity axis gives rise to robust intrinsic oscillations or rotation of the AVQDs. The effect of three-body losses on the AVQD stability is considered too. The results show that the AVQDs can retain the topological structure (vorticity) for a sufficiently long time if the scattering length exceeds a critical value.
我们在三维空间中构建了具有嵌入涡度的强各向异性量子液滴，其涡旋轴与原子磁矩的极化相互垂直。通过系统模拟验证了这些各向异性涡旋量子液滴（AVQD）的稳定性。在总原子数和接触相互作用散射长度的参数平面中确定了它们的稳定区域。我们还构建了涡旋 - 反涡旋 - 涡旋束缚态，并在参数空间中找到了它们的稳定区域。施加垂直于涡度轴的扭矩会导致AVQD产生强烈的固有振荡或旋转。还考虑了三体损失对AVQD稳定性的影响。结果表明，如果散射长度超过临界值，AVQD可以在足够长的时间内保持拓扑结构（涡度）。
