Environmental Science, Sarah Lawrence College, Bronxville, New York, USA.
College of Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2024 Sep;1539(1):127-184. doi: 10.1111/nyas.15175. Epub 2024 Aug 19.
This chapter of the New York City Panel on Climate Change 4 (NPCC4) report provides a comprehensive description of the different types of flood hazards (pluvial, fluvial, coastal, groundwater, and compound) facing New York City and provides climatological context that can be utilized, along with climate change projections, to support flood risk management (FRM). Previous NPCC reports documented coastal flood hazards and presented trends in historical and future precipitation and sea level but did not comprehensively assess all the city's flood hazards. Previous NPCC reports also discussed the implications of floods on infrastructure and the city's residents but did not review the impacts of flooding on the city's natural and nature-based systems (NNBSs). This-the NPCC's first report focused on all drivers of flooding-describes and profiles historical examples of each type of flood and summarizes previous and ongoing research regarding exposure, vulnerability, and risk management, including with NNBS and nonstructural measures.
这份由纽约市气候变迁专门委员会第 4 期报告撰写的章节全面描述了纽约市所面临的各类洪水灾害（暴雨、河川、沿海、地下水及复合型），并提供了相关的气候背景资料，这些资料可与气候变化预估数据结合使用，从而支持洪水风险管理。前几期的纽约市气候变迁专门委员会报告已记录了沿海洪水灾害，并呈现了历史及未来降水和海平面的变化趋势，但并未全面评估城市所有的洪水灾害。前几期报告也讨论了洪水对基础设施和城市居民的影响，但并未审查洪水对城市自然和基于自然的系统的影响。这份报告是纽约市气候变迁专门委员会首次针对所有洪水驱动因素撰写的报告，描述并分析了每一种洪水灾害的历史实例，总结了有关暴露度、脆弱性和风险管理的先前和正在进行的研究，包括自然和基于自然的系统及非结构性措施。
