揭示沿泰国-老挝边境泰国一侧的华支睾吸虫和肠道蠕虫的传播潜力。

Unveiling the Transmission Potential of Opisthorchis viverrini and Intestinal Helminths Along the Thailand-Laos Border in Thailand.

机构信息

Research Unit in Opisthorchiasis, Cholangiocarcinoma and Neglected Parasitic Diseases, Thammasat University, Klong-Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand.

Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Klong-Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand.

出版信息

Zoonoses Public Health. 2024 Dec;71(8):942-954. doi: 10.1111/zph.13177. Epub 2024 Aug 19.

DOI:10.1111/zph.13177

PMID:39160695

Abstract

AIMS

In pursuit of enhancing prevention efforts for the notably high endemic Opisthorchis viverrini infection in lower Mekong sub-region countries, particularly Thailand and Laos, this cross-sectional study investigated the transmission potential of O. viverrini and other intestinal helminths along the Thailand-Laos border in seven Thai villages.

METHODS AND RESULTS

Human and pet faecal samples, Bithynia snails and cyprinid fish were analysed for helminth infections. Additionally, a questionnaire survey assessed relevant risk factors among the human population. Two groups of helminth infections were detected in humans: foodborne infections (FBIs) including O. viverrini, minute intestinal flukes (MIFs), and Taenia spp., and soil-transmitted infections (STIs) including hookworm and Strongyloides stercoralis, with prevalence rates of 7.4%, 0.5%, 2.5%, 0.5%, 2.5% and 3%, respectively. Smoking was identified as a risk factor for O. viverrini infection [adjusted odds ratios (ORa) = 3.12, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.33-7.30, p = 0.009] and FBIs (ORa = 2.47, 95% CI: 1.14-5.33, p = 0.022), while male was a risk factor for FBIs (ORa = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.16-5.94, p = 0.021). In dogs, hookworm, Toxocara spp., Spirometra mansoni, Trichuris vulpis and Hymenolepis diminuta were identified with prevalence rates of 35.6%, 8.1%, 8.1%, 1.2% and 1.2%, respectively. In cats, hookworm, Toxocara spp., S. mansoni, Strongyloides spp., Platynosomum fastosum, MIFs and H. diminuta were identified with prevalence rates of 50%, 17.9%, 10.7%, 7.1%, 3.6%, 3.6% and 3.6%, respectively. Bithynia snails showed 2% virgulate and 0.7% unknown cercariae infections, while among 19 cyprinid fish species, only unknown metacercariae were found.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings underscore the necessity of an integrated approach following the One Health concept to effectively combat these parasitic diseases while addressing human, animal and environmental health.

摘要

目的

为加强对湄公河下游国家（特别是泰国和老挝）高度流行的肝吸虫感染的预防工作，本横断面研究调查了泰国和老挝边境 7 个泰国村庄中肝吸虫和其他肠道寄生虫的传播潜力。

方法和结果

对人体和宠物粪便样本、豆螺和鲤科鱼类进行了寄生虫感染分析。此外，还对人群进行了问卷调查，评估相关危险因素。在人群中发现了两组寄生虫感染：食源感染（FBI），包括肝吸虫、微小肠吸虫和带绦虫；土壤传播感染（STI），包括钩虫和粪类圆线虫，其患病率分别为 7.4%、0.5%、2.5%、0.5%、2.5%和 3%。吸烟被确定为肝吸虫感染的危险因素[调整后的优势比（ORa）=3.12，95%置信区间（CI）：1.33-7.30，p=0.009]和 FBI（ORa=2.47，95%CI：1.14-5.33，p=0.022），而男性是 FBI 的危险因素（ORa=2.62，95%CI：1.16-5.94，p=0.021）。在狗中，发现了钩虫、旋毛虫、曼氏血吸虫、犬复殖孔绦虫和细粒棘球绦虫，其患病率分别为 35.6%、8.1%、8.1%、1.2%和 1.2%。在猫中，发现了钩虫、旋毛虫、曼氏血吸虫、类圆线虫、豆螺、微小肠吸虫和细粒棘球绦虫，其患病率分别为 50%、17.9%、10.7%、7.1%、3.6%、3.6%和 3.6%。豆螺感染了 2%的尾蚴和 0.7%的未知尾蚴，而在 19 种鲤科鱼类中，只发现了未知的囊蚴。