At the Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China, Jun Zhang, MD, is Lecturer; Mingyue Zhang, BS, and Caihua Xu, BS, are Master's Students; Jinhui Tian, PhD, is Professor; and Donghua Yang, MD, is Lecturer. Bo Wang, MD, is Associate Professor, School of Nursing, Gausu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou.
Adv Skin Wound Care. 2024 Sep 1;37(9):490-498. doi: 10.1097/ASW.0000000000000196.
To understand how reviewers select and prespecify outcomes for systematic reviews (SRs), the authors report on the outcomes used in SRs of pressure injury (PI) intervention and treatment and evaluate their completeness of prespecification.
The authors searched four electronic databases for SRs involving PI prevention and/or treatments.
Inclusion criteria were SRs and meta-analyses evaluating interventions for preventing or treating PI. Studies without systematic search or risk-of-bias assessment, conference proceedings, and articles not in Chinese or English were excluded.
Two reviewers extracted and categorized the outcomes in domains, assessing outcome prespecification using a five-element framework. Data items included study characteristics, target population, type of interventions, and outcome variables.
This review included 95 SRs that reported a total of 432 instances of 24 different outcome domains. An average of four outcome domains were reported per SR. The most frequently reported domains were PI healing, PI occurrence, and PI status. Of the 62 SRs that prespecified primary outcomes, 40 (64.52%) reported more than one primary outcome. Only 24 of the 432 instances (5.56%) were completely specified. Among the 24 outcome domains, 12 (50.00%) were listed as primary outcomes at least once. Primary outcomes were more completely specified than nonprimary outcomes.
Systematic reviews of PI prevention and/or treatment report diverse, incompletely prespecified outcomes, highlighting the need for a core outcome set to standardize key clinical outcomes.
为了了解综述评审员如何选择和预先指定系统综述（SR）的结局，作者报告了压力性损伤（PI）干预和治疗的 SR 中使用的结局，并评估了它们预先指定的完整性。
作者检索了四个电子数据库，以寻找涉及 PI 预防和/或治疗的 SR。
纳入标准为评价预防或治疗 PI 的干预措施的 SR 和荟萃分析。未进行系统检索或风险偏倚评估、会议记录以及非中文或英文的文章被排除在外。
两名评审员从领域中提取和分类结局，并使用五要素框架评估结局预先指定情况。数据项包括研究特征、目标人群、干预类型和结局变量。
本综述纳入了 95 项报告了 24 个不同结局领域共 432 个实例的 SR。每项 SR 平均报告了四个结局领域。报告最多的领域是 PI 愈合、PI 发生和 PI 状况。在 62 项预先指定主要结局的 SR 中，有 40 项（64.52%）报告了一个以上的主要结局。在 432 个实例中，仅有 24 个（5.56%）被完全指定。在 24 个结局领域中，有 12 个（50.00%）至少被一次列为主要结局。主要结局比非主要结局预先指定得更完整。
PI 预防和/或治疗的系统综述报告了多样且不完整的预先指定结局，这突出表明需要一个核心结局集来标准化关键临床结局。
