Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
Clinical Pharmacy Department, School of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2024 Aug 1;13(8):30. doi: 10.1167/tvst.13.8.30.
Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is an ocular emergency that results from acute blockage of the blood supply to the retina and leads to a sudden vision loss. Other forms of ischemic retinopathies include diabetic retinopathy (DR), which involves chronic retinal ischemia and remains the leading cause of blindness in working-age adults. This study is the first to conduct a proteomic analysis of aqueous humor (AH) from patients with CRAO with a comparative analysis using vitreous humor (VH) samples from patients with DR.
AH samples were collected from 10 patients with CRAO undergoing paracentesis and 10 controls undergoing cataract surgery. VH samples were collected from 10 patients with DR and 10 non-diabetic controls undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). Samples were analyzed using mass spectrometry.
Compared with controls, AH levels of 36 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in patients with CRAO. Qiagen Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) revealed 11 proteins linked to ophthalmic diseases. Notably, enolase 2, a glycolysis enzyme isoform primarily expressed in neurons, was upregulated, suggesting neuronal injury and enzyme release. Additionally, clusterin, a protective glycoprotein, was downregulated. ELISA was conducted to confirm proteomics data. VH samples from patients with DR exhibited changes in a distinct set of proteins, including ones previously reported in the literature.
The study provides novel insights into CRAO pathophysiology with multiple hits identified. Proteomic results differed between DR and CRAO studies, likely due to the different pathophysiology and disease duration.
This is the first proteomic analysis of CRAO AH, with the potential to identify future therapeutic targets.
视网膜中央动脉阻塞（CRAO）是一种眼部急症，由视网膜血液供应的急性阻塞引起，导致突然视力丧失。其他形式的缺血性视网膜病变包括糖尿病性视网膜病变（DR），其涉及慢性视网膜缺血，仍然是工作年龄成年人致盲的主要原因。这项研究首次对 CRAO 患者的房水（AH）进行了蛋白质组学分析，并使用来自 DR 患者的玻璃体（VH）样本进行了比较分析。
从 10 例接受房水穿刺术的 CRAO 患者和 10 例接受白内障手术的对照者中收集 AH 样本。从 10 例 DR 患者和 10 例非糖尿病对照者中收集 VH 样本，并通过质谱分析进行分析。
与对照组相比，在 CRAO 患者中鉴定出 36 种差异表达蛋白（DEP）。Qiagen Ingenuity 通路分析（IPA）显示与眼科疾病相关的 11 种蛋白。值得注意的是，糖酵解酶同工酶主要在神经元中表达的烯醇酶 2 上调，表明神经元损伤和酶释放。此外，保护性糖蛋白簇蛋白下调。进行 ELISA 以确认蛋白质组学数据。DR 患者的 VH 样本显示出一组独特蛋白的变化，其中包括文献中报道的蛋白。
该研究提供了 CRAO 病理生理学的新见解，确定了多个靶点。DR 和 CRAO 研究的蛋白质组学结果不同，可能是由于不同的病理生理学和疾病持续时间。
杨瑞瑞
