Department of Physiologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique.
Department of Medicine, Maputo Central Hospital, Maputo, Mozambique.
PLoS One. 2024 Aug 20;19(8):e0301305. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301305. eCollection 2024.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) co-infection is a public health problem affecting 2.7 million worldwide. In Mozambique, the prevalence of this co-infection is 9.1%, calling for specific policies on prevention, diagnosis and adequate management in health facilities caring for HIV patients. This study aimed to review the existing policies and to assess the knowledge and practices of health professionals about HIV/HBV co-infection.
A document and literature review to describe the existing policies and guidelines on HIV/HBV co-infection in Mozambique was performed. Key informants were contacted to clarify or add information. Health Professionals who care for HIV-positive patients in four health centers in Maputo City, the capital of Mozambique, responded to a questionnaire on knowledge and practices about this co-infection. Qualitative analysis was done to identify main themes using content analysis. Descriptive statistics of socio-demographic, knowledge and practice variables was presented using the SPSS Program version 20 and bivariate analysis was applied to describe the association between variables.
Twenty-one policy documents were found, and five key informants were interviewed. Fifty-two participants answered the questionnaire. Only one policy document explicitly referred to HIV/HBV co-infection treatment. Most Health Professionals (96%) were aware of HIV/HBV co-infection. Although the only existing policy is on the treatment, few (33%) referenced antiretroviral formulations containing Tenofovir and Lamivudine. Only 29% of Health Professionals reported screening HIV patients for HBV and 21% practiced HIV/HBV co-infection counselling. No statistically significant differences were found when relating the socio-demographic variables with knowledge and practices.
Policy documents relating to prevention, diagnosis and clinical management of HIV/HBV co-infection were rare or absent. Health Professionals had little knowledge about HIV/HBV co-infection. Defining adequate policies and training of Health Professionals may help increase awareness, increase counselling of patients for disease prevention, diagnosis and proper management of HIV/HBV co-infected patients.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）合并感染是一个影响全球 270 万人的公共卫生问题。在莫桑比克，这种合并感染的流行率为 9.1%，这就需要在为 HIV 患者提供服务的卫生机构中制定具体的预防、诊断和适当管理政策。本研究旨在审查现有的政策，并评估卫生专业人员对 HIV/HBV 合并感染的知识和实践。
对莫桑比克 HIV/HBV 合并感染的现有政策和指南进行了文件和文献回顾。联系了关键知情人以澄清或补充信息。来自莫桑比克首都马普托市四个卫生中心的照顾 HIV 阳性患者的卫生专业人员对关于这种合并感染的知识和实践的问卷做出了回应。使用内容分析法对定性分析中确定的主要主题进行了描述。使用 SPSS 程序版本 20 对社会人口统计学、知识和实践变量进行了描述性统计，并应用了双变量分析来描述变量之间的关联。
共发现 21 份政策文件，并采访了 5 名关键知情人。52 名参与者回答了问卷。只有一份政策文件明确提到了 HIV/HBV 合并感染的治疗。大多数卫生专业人员（96%）了解 HIV/HBV 合并感染。尽管唯一现有的政策是关于治疗的，但很少有（33%）提到包含替诺福韦和拉米夫定的抗逆转录病毒制剂。只有 29%的卫生专业人员报告对 HIV 患者进行了 HBV 筛查，21%的卫生专业人员进行了 HIV/HBV 合并感染咨询。在将社会人口统计学变量与知识和实践相关联时，没有发现统计学上的显著差异。
关于 HIV/HBV 合并感染预防、诊断和临床管理的政策文件很少或不存在。卫生专业人员对 HIV/HBV 合并感染的了解甚少。制定适当的政策和培训卫生专业人员可能有助于提高认识，增加对患者的咨询，以预防、诊断和适当管理 HIV/HBV 合并感染的患者。
