Kye-Duodu Gideon, Nortey Priscillia, Malm Keziah, Nyarko Kofi Mensah, Sackey Samuel Oko, Ofori Sampson, Afari Edwin Andrews
Ghana Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme (GFELTP), School of Public Health, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 13, Accra, Ghana.
Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 13, Accra, Ghana.
Pan Afr Med J. 2016 Oct 1;25(Suppl 1):7. doi: 10.11604/pamj.supp.2016.25.1.6172. eCollection 2016.
Hepatitis B and HIV infections are endemic in sub-Saharan Africa including Ghana. Understanding the extent of the co-infection is critical to the optimal care of persons living with HIV and AIDS (PLHIV). We determined the prevalence and risk factors of HBV co-infection in PLHIV and assessed the knowledge of health care workers (HCW) in Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) clinics regarding the co-infection.
A cross sectional study was conducted in five ART clinics to obtain data from a systematic random sample of PLHIV in the Eastern region of Ghana from March to June 2012. We used self-administered questionnaires to assess knowledge of HCW on knowledge and management of the co-infection. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used for analysis at 5% significance level.
Of 320 PLHIV recruited into study, with median age of 40 years (IQR: 33-50 years), 28 tested positive for HBsAg giving an overall prevalence of 8.8%. There were significant associations between HBV infection and being an adult (p=0.004), increasing serum ALT levels (p=0.002) and partner with history of HBV infection (p=0.010). HCW obtained 84.2% (SD± 20.53; 95% CI: 89-98.1) and 53.1% (SD± 35.06; 95% CI: 13.0-88.9) in the "general knowledge" and "management practice" indexes respectively.
Prevalence of HBV-HIV co-infection was relatively high among PLHIV in Eastern region. Knowledge of HCW on management practices of HBV-HIV co-infection and HBV vaccination coverage among PLHIV were found to be relatively low. Regular trainings of HCW and a HBV vaccination programme targeted at PLHIV should be considered.
乙型肝炎和艾滋病毒感染在包括加纳在内的撒哈拉以南非洲地区流行。了解合并感染的程度对于为艾滋病毒和艾滋病患者（PLHIV）提供最佳护理至关重要。我们确定了PLHIV中HBV合并感染的患病率和危险因素，并评估了抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）诊所医护人员（HCW）对合并感染的认知情况。
2012年3月至6月，在加纳东部地区的五家ART诊所进行了一项横断面研究，从PLHIV的系统随机样本中获取数据。我们使用自行填写的问卷来评估医护人员对合并感染的知识和管理情况。采用描述性统计和逻辑回归模型进行分析，显著性水平为5%。
在纳入研究的320名PLHIV中，中位年龄为40岁（四分位间距：33 - 50岁），28人HBsAg检测呈阳性，总体患病率为8.8%。HBV感染与成年（p = 0.004）、血清ALT水平升高（p = 0.002）以及有HBV感染史的伴侣（p = 0.010）之间存在显著关联。医护人员在“一般知识”和“管理实践”指标上的得分分别为84.2%（标准差±20.53；95%置信区间：89 - 98.1）和53.1%（标准差±35.06；95%置信区间：13.0 - 88.9）。
在东部地区的PLHIV中，HBV - HIV合并感染的患病率相对较高。发现医护人员对HBV - HIV合并感染管理实践的知识以及PLHIV中的HBV疫苗接种覆盖率相对较低。应考虑对医护人员进行定期培训，并针对PLHIV开展HBV疫苗接种计划。
