Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315201, Zhejiang, China; Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo Key Laboratory for Physical Diagnosis and Treatment of Mental and Psychological Disorders, Ningbo, 315201, Zhejiang, China.
State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
J Psychiatr Res. 2024 Oct;178:243-249. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.08.016. Epub 2024 Aug 13.
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a globally prevalent, severe chronic mental disorder, with cognitive dysfunction being one of its core symptoms. Notably, overweight is exceedingly common among individuals with SCZ, and overweight can also impact cognitive function. Therefore, the relationship between overweight and cognition in SCZ is a clinical issue that is in need of research attention.
This study enrolled 77 patients with SCZ, including 36 overweight and 41 non-overweight patients. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to assess symptom severity, while cognitive functions were evaluated using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Electroencephalography (EEG) testing was performed, with power spectral analysis conducted across various frequency bands (δ, θ, α, β, low γ, and high γ).
Compared to non-overweight SCZ patients, those overweight exhibited significantly lower RBANS total and index scores in immediate memory, visuospatial/constructional abilities, and delayed memory. EEG spectral analysis revealed that overweight SCZ patients demonstrated significantly lower oscillation power ratios in the β, low γ, and high γ frequency bands compared to their non-overweight counterparts. Correlation analyses indicated a significant positive relationship between β wave activity and RBANS total scores among overweight SCZ patients, suggesting that reduced β power correlates with more severe cognitive dysfunction.
Our findings indicate that overweight SCZ patients experience more severe cognitive impairments in a resting state than those who are not overweight, with significant differences in EEG spectrum observed in the β and γ frequency bands. Additionally, our study establishes a correlation between various EEG spectrum dimensions and cognition. This research highlights the effects of overweight on cognition in individuals with SCZ. Additionally, employing EEG technology to study cognitive function in overweight SCZ patients can offer valuable electrophysiological insights.
精神分裂症（SCZ）是一种全球普遍存在的严重慢性精神障碍，认知功能障碍是其核心症状之一。值得注意的是，超重在精神分裂症患者中非常常见，而超重也会影响认知功能。因此，精神分裂症患者超重与认知之间的关系是一个需要研究关注的临床问题。
本研究纳入了 77 名精神分裂症患者，包括 36 名超重患者和 41 名非超重患者。采用阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）评估症状严重程度，采用重复认知评估成套测验（RBANS）评估认知功能。进行脑电图（EEG）测试，对不同频带（δ、θ、α、β、低γ和高γ）进行功率谱分析。
与非超重精神分裂症患者相比，超重患者的 RBANS 即时记忆、视空间/结构能力和延迟记忆总分和指数得分明显较低。EEG 频谱分析显示，与非超重患者相比，超重精神分裂症患者的β、低γ和高γ频带的振荡功率比明显较低。相关分析表明，超重精神分裂症患者β波活动与 RBANS 总分之间存在显著正相关，表明β波功率降低与认知功能障碍更严重相关。
我们的研究结果表明，与非超重患者相比，超重精神分裂症患者在静息状态下的认知障碍更严重，在β和γ频带观察到明显的 EEG 频谱差异。此外，本研究还建立了不同 EEG 频谱维度与认知之间的相关性。这项研究强调了超重对精神分裂症患者认知的影响。此外，使用 EEG 技术研究超重精神分裂症患者的认知功能可以提供有价值的电生理见解。
