Qian Y, Zhao Y, Tang L, Ye D, Chen Q, Zhu H, Ye H, Xu G, Liu L
School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China.
Department of Biostatistics School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, China.
Public Health. 2024 Nov;236:52-59. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.07.020. Epub 2024 Aug 19.
The allergic airway disease, such as allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, asthma, is a general term of a range of inflammatory disorders affecting the upper and lower airways and lung parenchyma. This study aimed to investigate the short-term effects of air pollutants and meteorological factors on AAD-related daily outpatient visits.
An ecological study.
Data on outpatient visits due to AAD (n = 4,554,404) were collected from the platform of the Ningbo Health Information from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2021. A Quasi-Poisson generalized additive regression model was established to analyze the lag effects of air pollution on daily outpatient visits for AAD. Restricted cubic spline functions were used to explore the potential non-linear relationships between air pollutants and meteorological and daily outpatient visits for AAD.
PM, PM, SO, NO, or CO were associated with daily outpatient visits for AAD, and there was a significant increasing trend in the cumulative lag effects. SO had the largest effect at Lag07, with a 25.3% (95% CI: 21.6%-29.0%) increase in AAD for every 10 μg/m increase in exposure concentration. Subgroup analysis showed that the 0-18 years old age group had the strongest effects, especially for AR, and all effects were stronger in the cold season.
Given that patients aged 0-18 are more susceptible to environmental changes, protective measures specifically for children should be taken during dry and cold weather conditions with poor air quality.
变应性气道疾病，如变应性鼻炎、慢性鼻-鼻窦炎、哮喘，是一系列影响上、下气道及肺实质的炎症性疾病的统称。本研究旨在调查空气污染物和气象因素对变应性气道疾病相关每日门诊就诊量的短期影响。
一项生态学研究。
收集2015年1月1日至2021年12月31日期间来自宁波健康信息平台的因变应性气道疾病导致的门诊就诊数据（n = 4,554,404）。建立准泊松广义相加回归模型，分析空气污染对变应性气道疾病每日门诊就诊量的滞后效应。使用受限立方样条函数探讨空气污染物、气象因素与变应性气道疾病每日门诊就诊量之间潜在的非线性关系。
PM、PM、SO、NO或CO与变应性气道疾病的每日门诊就诊量相关，且累积滞后效应呈显著上升趋势。SO在滞后07时影响最大，暴露浓度每增加10 μg/m，变应性气道疾病增加25.3%（95%CI：21.6%-29.0%）。亚组分析显示，0-18岁年龄组影响最强，尤其是变应性鼻炎，且在寒冷季节所有影响更强。
鉴于0-18岁患者对环境变化更敏感，在空气质量差的干冷天气条件下，应针对儿童采取专门的保护措施。
