College of Agronomy, Xiangyang Polytechnic, Xiangyang, 441050, People's Republic of China.
Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China.
Mol Biol Rep. 2024 Aug 20;51(1):923. doi: 10.1007/s11033-024-09858-y.
Flaxseed has been widely used in animal diets to increase the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid content in animal products and promote overall animal health, but little known about its effects on the productive performance and the mictobita of gut of laying duck.
Jinding duck, a Chinese indigenous breed, was used in the study. The corn-soybean basal diet supplemented with 0, 2%, 3% 4% and 5% flaxseed were provided to Control, 2% Fla, 3% Fla, 4% Fla and 5% Fla groups for 53 days, respectively. Compared with Control group, groups fed with flaxseed diets showed higher egg production, egg mass, ovary weight and more preovulatory follicles. The Docosahexaenoic Acid content of egg was extremely significantly elevated by flaxseed diets (P < 0.01), and the albumen height and haugh unit were elevated, especially in 4% Fla and/or 5% Fla group (P < 0.05). Groups 4% Fla and 5% Fla had highest ileal villus height, jejunal and ileal crypt depth. Moreover, Flaxseed diets significantly increased the levels of IgG and IgM in all Fla groups (P < 0.01), while increased IgA levels except for in 3% Fla group (P < 0.05). The results of 16s rDNA sequencing showed that flaxseed diet altered the microbial composition of gut and reduced the diversity and evenness of gut microbial communities except for 5% Fla. The correlation analysis identified Blautia, Butyricicoccus and Subdoligranulum positively associated with egg production. Genera Fourinierella, Fusobacterium and Intestinimonas positively associated with ovary weight, haught unit and album height. And Mucispirillum positively associated with haugh unit and album height.
This study has suggested that flaxseed play a positive role in productive performance, the overall or intestinal health of laying ducks.
亚麻籽已广泛应用于动物饲料中，以提高动物产品中 ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸的含量，促进动物整体健康，但人们对其对产蛋鸭生产性能和肠道微生物的影响知之甚少。
本研究以中国地方品种金定鸭为试验动物。在基础玉米-豆粕日粮中分别添加 0、2%、3%、4%和 5%的亚麻籽，设置对照组（CON）、2%亚麻籽组（2% Fla）、3%亚麻籽组（3% Fla）、4%亚麻籽组（4% Fla）和 5%亚麻籽组（5% Fla），试验期 53 天。与对照组相比，饲喂亚麻籽日粮的各组产蛋率、蛋重、卵巢重和排卵前卵泡数均升高。亚麻籽日粮极显著提高了蛋黄中二十二碳六烯酸（Docosahexaenoic Acid，DHA）含量（P<0.01），并提高了蛋白高度和哈夫单位，尤以 4% Fla 和/或 5% Fla 组效果显著（P<0.05）。4% Fla 和 5% Fla 组空肠和回肠绒毛高度最高，空肠和回肠隐窝深度最深。此外，亚麻籽日粮显著提高了各 Fla 组的 IgG 和 IgM 水平（P<0.01），除 3% Fla 组外，IgA 水平也显著升高（P<0.05）。16s rDNA 测序结果表明，亚麻籽日粮改变了肠道微生物组成，除 5% Fla 组外，还降低了肠道微生物群落的多样性和均匀度。相关性分析表明，Blautia、Butyricicoccus 和 Subdoligranulum 与产蛋率呈正相关，Fourinierella、Fusobacterium 和 Intestinimonas 与卵巢重、哈夫单位和蛋白高度呈正相关，Mucispirillum 与哈夫单位和蛋白高度呈正相关。
本研究表明，亚麻籽对产蛋鸭的生产性能和整体或肠道健康有积极作用。
