Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University School of Medicine, Viale L. Pinto 1, 71121, Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
Radiology Unit, "Carlo Urbani" Hospital, Via Aldo Moro 52, 60035, Jesi, Ancona, Italy.
J Med Ultrason (2001). 2024 Oct;51(4):635-647. doi: 10.1007/s10396-024-01489-x. Epub 2024 Aug 20.
This narrative review aims to describe the current status of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in characterizing renal cystic lesion. The imaging techniques usually performed for their evaluation are ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with different criteria of application based on the individual case and the purpose of the examination. Generally, US, as a non-ionizing examination, is the first imaging modality performed and therefore the one that incidentally detects cystic lesions. CT is the most performed imaging modality for cystic lesion assessment before MRI evaluation. It provides better characterization and management and has been introduced into the Bosniak classification. In this context, CEUS is making its way for its characteristics and represents the emerging technique in this field. With these premises, the authors analyze the role of CEUS in the evaluation of renal cysts, starting with an explanation of the technique, describe its main advantages and limitations, and end with a discussion of its application in the Bosniak classification and management, following the current major guidelines.
这篇叙述性综述旨在描述对比增强超声（CEUS）在肾囊性病变特征描述中的现状。评估肾囊性病变通常采用的影像学技术有超声（US）、计算机断层扫描（CT）和磁共振成像（MRI），其应用标准基于个体病例和检查目的。一般来说，作为一种非电离检查，US 是首先进行的成像方式，因此也是偶然检测到囊性病变的方式。在 MRI 评估之前，CT 是最常用于囊性病变评估的影像学方式。它可以提供更好的特征描述和管理，已被引入 Bosniak 分类。在这种情况下，CEUS 因其特性而逐渐普及，是该领域的新兴技术。基于这些前提，作者分析了 CEUS 在肾囊肿评估中的作用，首先解释了该技术，描述了其主要优缺点，最后讨论了其在 Bosniak 分类和管理中的应用，遵循了当前的主要指南。
